李克强在第23次东盟与中日韩领导人会议上的讲话
Speech at the 23rd ASEAN Plus China, Japan and ROK Summit
中华人民共和国国务院总理 李克强
H.E. Li Keqiang, Premier of the State Council of the People’s Republic of China
2020年11月14日，北京
Beijing, 14 November 2020
尊敬的阮春福总理，
各位同事：
Prime Minister Nguyen Xuan Phuc,
Colleagues,
很高兴通过视频再次同大家见面。感谢越南政府和阮春福总理为会议所作精心安排。
It gives me great pleasure to see all of you again via video link. I wish to thank the government of Vietnam and Prime Minister Nguyen Xuan Phuc for your thoughtful arrangements.
自今年4月举行东盟与中日韩（10+3）抗击新冠肺炎疫情领导人特别会议以来，各方积极落实会议各项成果，有力促进地区疫情防控和经济复苏，彰显了10+3作为东亚合作主渠道的重要作用。
In April, we held a Special ASEAN Plus Three (APT) Summit on COVID-19. Since then, all parties have been actively implementing its outcomes, which has bolstered both our response against the virus and economic recovery in the region. Such progress has highlighted APT’s important role as the main channel of East Asian cooperation.
10+3合作因亚洲金融危机而生。多年来，地区国家顺应经济全球化和区域经济一体化大势，不断深化各领域务实合作，搭建了宽领域、多层次的合作格局，建立了清迈倡议多边化、大米紧急储备等危机应对机制，提出了东亚共同体等宏伟蓝图，促进了东亚稳定繁荣，培育了团结协作、包容开放的地区文化，给各国民众带来福祉和希望。
APT cooperation was initiated in the aftermath of the Asian financial crisis. Over the years, countries in the region have followed the trend of economic globalization and regional economic integration, and deepened practical cooperation in various fields. Today, APT cooperation is underpinned by a multi-tiered framework covering wide-ranging areas. A number of crisis response mechanisms including the Chiang Mai Initiative Multilateralization (CMIM) and the ASEAN Plus Three Emergency Rice Reserve (APTERR) have been established. A broad vision has been outlined for an East Asian Community. All this has contributed to stability and prosperity in East Asia, fostered a regional culture of unity, coordination, inclusiveness and openness, and brought benefits and hope to our peoples.
当前，新冠肺炎疫情仍在肆虐，经济全球化遭遇逆流，东亚区域经济一体化进程面临新的挑战。同时，维护东亚繁荣稳定局面是地区国家的共同心愿，实现联动发展、共享发展机遇符合地区国家的共同利益。10+3国家疫情防控取得初步成效，复工复产和产业链供应链有序恢复，既有各种区域合作机制和渠道保持畅通。有关国际机构预测，东亚有望成为今年全球唯一实现经济正增长的地区。东亚各国的发展韧性，增添了我们应对挑战的底气和信心。
With COVID-19 raging unabated and economic globalization facing headwinds, economic integration in East Asia is confronted with new challenges. Meanwhile, it remains our shared aspiration to pursue enduring prosperity and stability in the region, and it serves our common interests to pursue interconnected development and shared opportunities. APT countries’ COVID-19 response has produced initial results. Business activities as well as industrial and supply chains are coming back gradually. Existing mechanisms and channels for regional cooperation are functioning smoothly. As relevant international agencies projected, East Asia is expected to be the only region to post positive growth in 2020. The resilience of East Asian countries has enhanced our confidence and capacity to overcome challenges.
各位同事！
Colleagues,
10+3国家是推动东亚经济发展的重要力量。我们要进一步加强沟通与协调，推动政策对接与规则融合，提升10+3合作的韧性与活力，促进东亚经济整体复苏，并为地区长远发展奠定良好基础。我愿提几点建议。
APT countries are a vital force for the economic development of the East Asian region. We need to enhance communication and coordination, and promote greater harmonization of policies and rules. More resilient and vibrant APT cooperation will boost the economic recovery of our region, and lay a solid foundation for its development in the long run. In this connection, I would like to make the following proposals:
第一，继续加强抗疫合作，推进公共卫生能力建设。全球第二波疫情强势反扑，疫苗是我们的重要武器。中方有四支疫苗进入Ⅲ期临床试验，同部分国家开展了疫苗研发、生产、采购等合作。中方已加入“新冠肺炎疫苗实施计划”，愿积极开展疫苗国际合作。我们愿积极考虑本地区国家实际需求，共同致力于疫苗的可及性和可负担性。中方欢迎东盟应急医疗物资储备库正式成立，愿与各方一道推进10+3应急医疗物资储备中心建设，加强同东盟储备库对接协调。中方明年将主办10+3公共卫生突发事件应对桌面演练，欢迎各方参加。中方愿推动亚洲基础设施投资银行等国际金融机构支持地区国家抗疫努力。
First, we need to work more closely on COVID-19 response and strengthen public health capacity building. Facing a second wave of infections worldwide, vaccines are a powerful weapon for us all. Four Chinese vaccines are currently in Phase III clinical trials, and China is collaborating with a number of countries on R&D, production and procurement. China has joined COVAX and is ready to advance international vaccine cooperation. We will take into account the needs of countries in the region, and work for the accessibility and affordability of vaccines.
China welcomes the official launch of the ASEAN Regional Reserve of Medical Supplies (RRMS). We will work with other parties for the setting-up of an APT Reserve of Medical Supplies for Public Health Emergencies and enhance its coordination with the RRMS.
Next year, China will host the APT Tabletop Exercises for Public Health Emergencies. We look forward to your participation. We will also encourage the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank and other international financial institutions to support COVID-19 response efforts of regional countries.
第二，加快自贸区建设，深化东亚区域融合发展。10+3国家经济总量占全球近三分之一，是世界经济的重要引擎，已形成你中有我、我中有你的互惠共融格局。即使在疫情背景下，今年前三季度中国同东盟、日本、韩国的贸易均保持基本稳定。特别是历经8年努力，有关各方即将正式签署《区域全面经济伙伴关系协定》（RCEP）。作为世界上人口数量最多、成员结构最多元、发展潜力最大的自贸区，RCEP是继东盟经济共同体建成后，区域经济一体化的又一重要里程碑。它照顾了最广泛国家的利益、特点和诉求，体现了多边主义精神，对外发出东亚国家团结协作、共促繁荣的明确信号，将为本地区发展和全球经济复苏作出重要贡献。中方将一如既往支持东盟发挥主导作用，推动这一安排尽快生效，促进区域内的商品、技术、服务、人员、资本流动，形成域内统一的经贸规则体系。中方愿与各方一道积极做好协定实施工作，使这一可喜成果更早惠及地区企业和民众。
Second, we need to accelerate the building of FTAs and deepen integrated development of East Asia. Accounting for nearly a third of the global GDP, APT countries are important engines of the world economy. Highly integrated and complementary, we all have a stake in each other’s success. In the first three quarters, even under COVID-19, China’s trade with ASEAN, Japan and the ROK have all held basically steady. It is especially worth noting that, after eight years of hard work, the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) will be officially signed by the relevant parties. As the most promising FTA covering the largest population and most diverse membership, the RCEP will be yet another important milestone in regional economic integration following the establishment of the ASEAN Economic Community. It accommodates the broadest possible interests, conditions and priorities of different countries. Embodying the spirit of multilateralism, the RCEP sends a clear message of East Asian countries working together for shared prosperity and will make important contributions to regional development and global recovery.
China will, as always, support ASEAN centrality and work for early entry into force of this FTA to facilitate the flow of goods, technologies, services, people and capital in this region and foster a unified regional system of economic and trade rules. China will work vigorously with all parties to ensure sound implementation of the RCEP and enable businesses and people of the region to benefit as early as possible from this successful outcome.
第三，畅通区域产业链供应链，提升东亚产业体系竞争力。半个多世纪以来，东亚已逐步形成了优势互补、有序衔接、配套完善的产业体系，为推动各国经济增长和提高区域竞争力发挥重要作用。立足当前，各方应加强协作，推动区域产业链供应链尽早修复、畅通运转。中方倡议在有效防控疫情前提下，逐步构建区域“快捷通道”和“绿色通道”网络，便利人员和货物往来。中小微企业是产业链不可或缺的重要环节，10+3中小企业服务联盟秘书处已在华正式运行，首次10+3银联体理事会日前成功举行，将更好支持中小微企业发展。着眼长远，我们应发挥东亚新兴经济体众多、产业链高中低端完整、人口红利充足、市场规模巨大的独特优势，推动建立开放、畅通、安全、稳定的地区生产体系，提升整体竞争力和防风险能力，畅通地区经济循环，同时为促进世界经济稳定增长贡献力量。中方愿与各方探讨供应链融资合作，加强本币在贸易投资中的使用。10+3供应链互联互通联合研究已完成，将为地区生产体系建设提供有益政策指导。
Third, we need to facilitate the smooth functioning of the industrial and supply chains of the region and make East Asia’s industrial system more competitive. Over the past 50 years and more, a well-connected and sophisticated industrial system that draws on the strengths of different parties has gradually taken shape in East Asia, playing an important role in spurring economic growth of regional countries and enhancing regional competitiveness. Under the current circumstances, all parties must step up coordination for early restoration and smooth functioning of the region’s industrial and supply chains.
China proposes that, with effective containment measures in place, a regional network of “fast tracks” and “green lanes” be established in a phased manner to facilitate the flow of people and goods.
Micro, small and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) are an indispensable link in the industrial chain. The Secretariat of APT SME Service Alliance is now officially operational in China, and the Executive Board of the APT Inter-Bank Cooperation Mechanism has successfully met for the first time to further support MSMEs.
Taking a long view, we need to leverage the unique strengths of East Asia, including its many emerging economies, full-fledged industrial chains covering low, medium and high ends of production, sufficient population dividends, and enormous markets. By working together, we will build an open, smooth, safe and stable regional production system in East Asia, which will serve to raise its overall competitiveness and resilience, foster regional economic circulation and contribute to the steady growth of the world economy. China is ready to discuss with all parties cooperation on supply chain finance and enhance the use of local currencies in trade and investment. The Joint Study on 10+3 Cooperation for Improvement of Supply Chain Connectivity has been completed and will provide useful policy guidance for the regional production system.
第四，抓住数字经济机遇，打造东亚创新高地。疫情催生“非接触经济”、“线上经济”、“低碳经济”。我们应顺应数据化、网络化、智能化发展趋势，用好东亚国家市场规模优势，推动“互联网+”、大数据、5G、人工智能、电子商务、智慧城市等领域合作，推动“线上经济”与“线下经济”融合发展，分享发展机遇，开拓增长空间。希望各方坚持市场化原则，为企业合作营造公平公正、非歧视、可预期的营商环境。中方发起“全球数据安全倡议”，希望同各方加强数字治理合作，共同构建和平、安全、开放、合作、有序的网络空间。各方还可探讨加强金融创新，用好大数据、人工智能等金融科技手段，提高金融服务实体经济和社会大众的能力。探索为区域金融安全网设计多样化救助工具，进一步提升清迈倡议多边化可用性和有效性，提升东盟与中日韩宏观经济研究办公室作用，同时更好发挥区域信用担保与投资基金的作用。
Fourth, we need to seize the opportunities of the digital economy and make East Asia the land of innovation. COVID-19 has given rise to the contactless economy, online economy and low-carbon economy. We need to embrace the trends of digital, Internet-based and smart development, harness the extensive scale of East Asian markets, promote cooperation in Internet-plus, big data, 5G, artificial intelligence, e-commerce, smart cities and other fields, and pursue integrated growth of “online” and “offline” economies in order to share development opportunities and expand space for growth. We hope all parties will uphold market principles and create a fair, equitable, non-discriminatory and predictable business environment for cooperation among enterprises.
China has put forward the Global Initiative on Data Security in the hope of enhancing data governance cooperation with all parties and jointly forging a cyberspace featuring peace, security, openness, cooperation and order. We may also explore greater financial innovation by harnessing financial technologies such as big data and artificial intelligence, which will make the financial sector better able to serve the real economy and the general public. We need to explore the design of diversified supporting facilities for the regional financial safety net and make the CMIM more effective and readily available. The role of the ASEAN+3 Macroeconomic Research Office will be further enhanced, and the Credit Guarantee and Investment Facility better utilized.
第五，聚焦社会民生合作，实现东亚可持续发展。疫情冲击各国减贫努力，侵蚀减贫成果。今年是中国脱贫攻坚决战决胜之年，中国在实现自身减贫的同时，愿继续在力所能及的范围内根据东盟国家需要，实施“东亚减贫合作倡议二期”项目，帮助贫困地区建设小型基础设施、公共服务设施，开展生计改善示范和能力建设，举办10+3村官交流活动，协助落实东盟一体化倡议，实现地区协调发展。各方应共同推动后疫情时期“绿色复苏”。中方愿开展沿海城市应对气候变化合作，打造10+3沿海城市交流平台，加强海洋塑料垃圾防治领域交流对话，继续办好10+3清洁能源圆桌对话会。为提高地区灾害管理和应急响应能力，中方倡议尽早召开10+3灾害管理部长会议。中方也愿继续通过“中日韩+X”合作模式，开展更多卫生、环保、减灾项目合作。
Fifth, we need to focus on cooperation in social and livelihood areas to realize sustainable development in East Asia. COVID-19 has disrupted our efforts and eroded the gains in poverty alleviation. For China, this year is the year for winning a decisive victory against extreme poverty. While relieving poverty in our country, we will continue to do our best to help meet the poverty reduction needs in ASEAN countries.
China will implement the projects under the East Asian Cooperation Initiative on Poverty Reduction (phase II), including building small-scale infrastructure and public service facilities in poverty-stricken areas and demonstration and capacity building programs for livelihood improvement. We will continue to hold the APT Village Leaders Exchange Program and facilitate the implementation of the Initiative for ASEAN Integration. All these will contribute to realizing balanced development in the region.
Parties need to work together to promote post-COVID green recovery. China proposes conducting climate change cooperation among coastal cities and developing an APT platform for exchanges between coastal cities. Communication and dialogue will be stepped up on the prevention and treatment of marine plastic debris, and China will continue to host the APT Clean Energy Roundtable Dialogue. To increase our region’s capability for disaster management and emergency response, China proposes holding the APT Ministerial Meeting on Disaster Management at an early date. China is also ready to carry out more cooperation programs on health, environmental protection and disaster relief under the “China-Japan-ROK plus X” model.
东亚的繁荣发展离不开和平稳定的国际环境。作为半岛近邻和负责任大国，中方支持韩方改善南北关系的积极努力。中方愿同地区各国一道，为实现本地区持久和平发挥积极作用。
East Asia cannot achieve greater prosperity and progress without a peaceful and stable international environment. As a close neighbor of the Korean Peninsula and a responsible major country, China supports the positive efforts by the ROK to improve inter-Korean relations. China is ready to work with other regional countries and play a positive role in realizing lasting peace in the region.
各位同事！
Colleagues,
今年突如其来的新冠肺炎疫情对中国经济造成严重冲击。一季度中国国内生产总值同比下降6.8%，失业率出现较为明显上升。我们统筹疫情防控和经济社会发展工作，及时推动复工复产，实施援企稳岗、保障民生等一揽子措施，努力把疫情影响降到最低。从4月份开始，经济逐月恢复。前三季度国内生产总值同比增长0.7%。特别是就业形势基本稳定，城镇新增就业898万人，接近完成年度预期目标任务，9月份城镇调查失业率回落至5.4%。可以说，中国就业和经济基本盘已经稳住了。这表明中国经济有强大韧性和巨大潜能，说明我们实施的一系列宏观政策是及时有力合理的。
The sudden onslaught of COVID-19 has seriously impacted China’s economy. GDP dropped by 6.8 percent year on year in the first quarter of this year, and the unemployment rate rose notably. In response, China has adopted a coordinated approach to control the virus and promote economic and social development. A host of measures were promptly taken to reopen the economy, support businesses, sustain jobs and protect people’s livelihood to minimize the impact of COVID-19.
Starting from April, China’s economy has been recovering month by month. GDP grew by 0.7 percent year on year for the first three quarters. It is worth noting that the employment situation has been basically stable, with 8.98 million new urban jobs created, close to fulfilling this year’s projected target, and the surveyed urban unemployment rate fell to 5.4 percent in September. On the whole, China’s employment and economic fundamentals have remained stable, which is a testament to the strong resilience and tremendous potential of China’s economy, and the timely, strong and well-calibrated macro policies we have implemented.
今年是中国“十三五”规划收官之年，各项目标任务有望如期完成，全面建成小康社会胜利在望。不久前，中国共产党十九届五中全会胜利闭幕，会议审议通过了《中共中央关于制定国民经济和社会发展第十四个五年规划和二〇三五年远景目标的建议》，为中国未来一段时期的发展制定新的蓝图。从明年起中国将开启全面建设社会主义现代化国家新征程，进入新发展阶段。我们提出构建新发展格局，促进国内国际双循环，将更加重视扩大内需和畅通国内市场，更加重视国际合作和对外开放。中国有14亿人口，中等收入群体超过4亿，是全球最具成长性的大市场。中国将全面提高对外开放水平，推动贸易和投资自由化便利化，完善外商投资准入前国民待遇加负面清单管理制度，依法保护外资企业合法权益，营造内外资企业一视同仁、公平竞争的市场环境。中国的市场是开放的大市场，面向世界的大市场，将为包括周边国家在内的世界各国提供更多发展机遇。
This year is the final year for the implementation of China’s 13th Five-Year Plan. All the goals laid out in the Plan are expected to be met on schedule, and the task of building a moderately prosperous society will soon be completed.
Last month, the Fifth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee was successfully held. The plenum adopted the Recommendations of the CPC Central Committee for Formulating the 14th Five-Year Plan for Economic and Social Development and the Long-Range Goals for 2035, drawing up a new blueprint for China’s development in the coming years. From next year on, China will begin a new journey toward fully building a modern socialist country and enter a new stage of development.
China has set out to foster a new development paradigm that aims to promote both domestic and international circulations. We will give greater importance to boosting domestic demand and energizing the domestic market, and place greater emphasis on international cooperation and opening-up.
With a 1.4 billion population and a middle-income group of over 400 million, China is the world’s most promising market. Going forward, China will pursue a higher level of opening-up across the board, promote trade and investment liberalization and facilitation, and improve the management system combining pre-establishment national treatment and the negative list for the access of foreign investment.
We will protect the lawful rights and interests of foreign businesses in accordance with the law and foster a level playing field where all businesses, domestic or foreign, are treated as equals. China, a big market open to the whole world, will provide more development opportunities for its neighbors and for all in the world.
东亚是我们的共同家园，需要我们共同守护、共同建设。我相信，在各方携手努力下，东亚一定能够早日走出疫情影响，迎接更加灿烂的明天！
East Asia is our shared home; we must all take care of it and build it into a better place. I am confident that with our concerted efforts, East Asia will emerge from the pandemic at an early date and embrace an even brighter future.
谢谢大家。
Thank you.
