全国人民代表大会常务委员会工作报告
REPORT ON THE WORK OF THE STANDING COMMITTEE OF THE NATIONAL PEOPLE’S CONGRESS
——2020年5月25日在第十三届全国人民代表大会第三次会议上
Delivered at the Third Session of the 13th National People’s Congress on May 25, 2020
全国人民代表大会常务委员会委员长 栗战书
Li Zhanshu
Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress
各位代表：
Fellow Deputies,
受全国人大常委会委托，我向大会报告工作，请予审议。
On behalf of the Standing Committee of the 13th National People’s Congress (NPC), I now present to you this report on its work for your deliberation.
十三届全国人大二次会议以来的主要工作
Major initiatives since the Second Session of the 13th National People’s Congress
十三届全国人大二次会议以来的一年多，在我们国家历史上极不容易、极不平凡。以习近平同志为核心的党中央统揽伟大斗争、伟大工程、伟大事业、伟大梦想，勇立潮头、担当作为，有效应对重大挑战、抵御重大风险、解决重大问题，推动党和国家各项事业取得新的重大进展。新冠肺炎疫情发生后，以习近平同志为核心的党中央将疫情防控作为头等大事来抓，习近平总书记亲自指挥、亲自部署，坚持把人民生命安全和身体健康放在第一位，领导全党全军全国各族人民打好疫情防控的人民战争、总体战、阻击战。经过艰苦卓绝的努力，武汉保卫战、湖北保卫战取得决定性成果，疫情防控阻击战取得重大战略成果，统筹推进疫情防控和经济社会发展工作取得积极成效。这再一次体现了习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想的强大引领，展示了以习近平同志为核心的党中央运筹帷幄、果敢坚毅、领航定向、把舵前行的卓越领导能力，彰显了中国共产党领导和中国特色社会主义制度的显著优势，凸显了中华儿女自强不息，敢于战胜一切困难而不被任何困难所屈服，在磨难中成长、从磨难中奋起的英雄气概。
The time that has passed since the Second Session of the 13th National People’s Congress has been one of the most unusual and difficult periods in our country’s history. The CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core has provided unified leadership for advancing our great struggle, great project, great cause, and great dream, kept abreast of the times with a strong sense of responsibility, effectively responded to major challenges, major risks, and major issues, and achieved new breakthroughs in the undertakings of the Party and the state. After the covid-19 outbreak began, the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core made epidemic prevention and control the absolute priority. General Secretary Xi Jinping personally took charge of directing and planning the response and put the health and safety of the people first as he led the Party, the military, and people of all ethnic groups in China in an all-out people’s war to curb the spread of the virus. Through arduous efforts, decisive victories were achieved in the battle to defend Hubei Province and the city of Wuhan, and major strategic successes were made in the fight against covid-19 across the country, allowing us to secure positive results in advancing both epidemic prevention and control and economic and social development. This once again reflected the powerful guiding role played by Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, and demonstrated the outstanding leadership of the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core in coordinating overall efforts, taking bold and decisive action, and charting the path forward. It also spoke volumes to the marked advantages of socialism with Chinese characteristics and the leadership of the Communist Party of China, and showed how the Chinese people, with their brave and tenacious spirit, can overcome any challenge, never succumbing to hardship but rather rising from it and growing stronger.
疫情发生以来，全国人大常委会坚决贯彻党中央决策部署，迅速行动、依法履职，作出关于全面禁止野生动物非法交易和食用的决定，防范公共卫生安全风险，促进社会文明进步。适应国家治理体系和治理能力现代化要求，根据公共卫生领域新情况新问题，部署启动强化公共卫生法治保障体系的立法修法工作，为守护人民生命健康安全筑牢法治防线。回应社会关切，主动宣传解读疫情防控法律，为疫情防控和经济社会发展提供法律支持。
Since the beginning of the covid-19 outbreak, the NPC Standing Committee has acted promptly and performed its lawful duty while rigorously implementing the decisions and plans of the CPC Central Committee. We issued the decision to completely ban the illegal trade and consumption of wildlife, thereby protecting 2 against public health risks and promoting the betterment of society. In line with the requirement to modernize China’s governance system and capacity for governance, and in light of new issues and circumstances in the public health field, the Standing Committee arranged for the enactment and revision of laws to strengthen the system of legal guarantees for public health in order to build a stronger line of defense for the health and safety of the people through the rule of law. We responded to public concerns, actively reached out to the public to clarify epidemic prevention and control laws, and provided legal support for anti-epidemic efforts and economic and social development.
一年多来，常委会认真行使立法权、监督权、决定权、任免权，共审议法律草案、决定草案48件，通过34件，其中制定法律5件，修改法律17件，作出有关法律问题和重大问题的决定12件；听取审议39个报告，检查6部法律实施情况，开展3次专题询问、7项专题调研，作出1项决议；决定批准5个双边条约；审议通过38个任免案，依法任免国家机关工作人员282人次，各项工作取得了新进展新成效。
Since last year, the Standing Committee has earnestly exercised its statutory powers of enacting laws, conducting oversight, making decisions, and appointing and removing officials. In total, we deliberated 48 drafts of laws and decisions and adopted 34 of them, including 5 new laws, 17 revisions of existing laws, and 12 decisions on legal issues and major issues. We heard and deliberated 39 work reports, inspected the enforcement of 6 laws, conducted 3 special inquiries and 7 research projects, and passed 1 resolution. We also approved 5 bilateral treaties, and reviewed 38 bills covering a total of 282 appointments or removals of employees of state bodies. We achieved new progress and new results in all fields of our work.
一、确保宪法在治国理政各个方面得到全面实施
I. We worked to ensure full implementation of the Constitution in all aspects of state governance.
宪法是国家的根本法，是党和人民意志的集中体现。依法治国首先要坚持依宪治国，依法执政首先要坚持依宪执政。
As China’s fundamental law, the Constitution represents the most concrete embodiment of the will of the Party and the people. Upholding law-based governance and the lawful use of power begins with the Constitution.
新中国成立70周年之际，在党中央的领导下，根据宪法规定，常委会作出关于授予国家勋章和国家荣誉称号的决定，习近平主席签署主席令，将国家最高荣誉授予为新中国建设和发展建立卓越功勋的36位杰出人士和为促进中外交流合作作出杰出贡献的6位国际友人。这是现行宪法实施以来首次集中颁授国家勋章。作出关于对部分服刑罪犯予以特赦的决定，习近平主席签署发布特赦令。经过严格的法定程序，特赦了九类服刑罪犯共23593人，这是宪法规定特赦制度的又一次重大实践。
Under the leadership of the CPC and in accordance with constitutional stipulations, the Standing Committee made the decision to confer national medals and titles of honor on the occasion of the 70th anniversary of the founding of the People’s Republic of China, with President Xi Jinping signing a presidential order to this effect. The nation’s highest honor was awarded to 36 prominent figures who have made outstanding achievements in the development of the People’s Republic of China, as well as 6 foreigners who have contributed greatly to cooperation and exchange between China and other countries. This was the first time that a ceremony was held to award multiple national medals since the current Constitution came into force. The Standing Committee also made the decision to grant special pardons to certain criminals serving prison sentences, with President 3 Xi Jinping signing and issuing the order. Through rigorous legal procedures, a total of 23,593 criminals in nine categories received pardons. This represents another major step in the exercise of constitutional stipulations regarding special pardons.
贯彻党的十九届四中全会精神，常委会听取审议了国务院关于香港特别行政区维护国家安全情况的报告，根据宪法和香港基本法的有关规定，研究拟订并审议了《全国人民代表大会关于建立健全香港特别行政区维护国家安全的法律制度和执行机制的决定（草案）》，决定提请本次大会审议。这是新形势下坚持和完善“一国两制”制度体系、坚持依法治港、维护宪法和基本法确定的特别行政区宪制秩序的重大举措，符合包括香港同胞在内的全体中国人民的根本利益。相信经过代表们的共同努力，一定能够顺利完成这一重要立法任务，为维护国家主权、安全、发展利益，确保香港长期繁荣稳定，提供更加有力的法治保障。
In accordance with the guidelines laid out at the Fourth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee, the Standing Committee heard and deliberated the report of the State Council on maintaining national security in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. Following relevant stipulations of the Constitution and the Basic Law of Hong Kong, we formulated and deliberated the Decision on Establishing and Improving the Legal System and Enforcement Mechanisms for the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region to Safeguard National Security (Draft), and made the decision to submit it to this session for review. This represents a major move for upholding and improving the system of institutions under the policy of One Country, Two Systems, for maintaining law-based governance of Hong Kong, and for protecting the special administrative region’s constitutional order as defined in the Constitution and the Basic Law that fits the fundamental interests of all Chinese people, including those from Hong Kong. I am confident that through the joint efforts of all deputies, we will be able to complete this important legislative task so as to provide stronger legal guarantees for upholding our nation’s sovereignty, security, and development interests and for ensuring Hong Kong’s long-term prosperity and stability.
依法开展合宪性审查、备案审查。制定关于推进合宪性审查工作的实施意见，妥善回应涉及宪法有关问题的关切，依法纠正违宪违法的规范性文件，保证宪法得到切实遵守和执行。完善法规、司法解释备案审查体制机制，建成统一的覆盖全国的备案审查信息平台，初步建成国家法律法规数据库。连续3年听取审议备案审查工作情况报告，并向社会公开。2019年报送备案的行政法规、地方性法规、司法解释1995件，报送备案的特别行政区本地法律33件，研究处理公民、组织提出的审查建议138件。经审查，督促制定机关纠正与宪法法律规定和精神相抵触、不符合、不适应的规范性文件506件，维护了国家法制的统一、尊严和权威。
We conducted inspections of constitutional compliance and recorded and reviewed normative documents in accordance with the law. We formulated guidelines on the implementation of constitutional compliance inspections, responded appropriately to concerns regarding Constitution-related issues, and used legal processes to correct normative documents that conflicted with the Constitution and other laws in order to ensure that the Constitution is fully observed and enforced. We improved systems and mechanisms for putting on record and reviewing regulations and judicial interpretations, set up a unified digital platform for the recording and review of normative documents that covers the whole country, and tentatively completed the national database of laws and regulations. For the third year in a row, we heard and deliberated the work report on the recording and review of normative documents and made it available to the public. A total of 1,995 administrative regulations, local statutes, and judicial interpretations and 33 local laws of the special administrative regions were submitted for the record in 2019, and we examined 138 suggestions on our review 4 work from citizens and organizations. Through review, we compelled relevant bodies to correct 506 normative documents that conflicted with the Constitution or other laws, thus safeguarding the unity, sanctity, and authority of the country’s legal system.
开展宪法宣传教育活动。组织6次宪法宣誓仪式，18名被任命人员进行宣誓，委员长会议组成人员主持并监誓，增强了国家工作人员的宪法观念。以“弘扬宪法精神，推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化”为主题，举行第六个国家宪法日座谈会，带动各级各地开展丰富多彩的宪法宣传活动。召开纪念澳门特别行政区基本法实施20周年座谈会，推动“一国两制”方针和宪法、基本法的宣传和贯彻落实。
We conducted activities to publicize the Constitution, raising people’s awareness of it. We organized six ceremonies for 18 officials to publicly pledge allegiance to the Constitution when they took office, with members of the Chairperson’s Council chairing the ceremonies and administering the oath, thus enhancing constitutional awareness among public servants. We hosted a symposium for the sixth National Constitution Day with the theme of fostering the spirit of the Constitution and promoting modernization of China’s governance system and capacity for governance, and encouraged all levels and localities to conduct various activities to promote the Constitution. We hosted a symposium to mark the 20th anniversary of the implementation of the Basic Law of the Macao Special Administrative Region in order to promote awareness and implementation of the policy of One Country, Two Systems, the Constitution, and the Basic Law.
二、不断完善中国特色社会主义法律体系
II. We continued to improve the Chinese socialist legal system
紧扣全面依法治国，坚持立改废释并举，坚持质量与效率并重，加强重要领域立法，不断提高科学立法、民主立法、依法立法水平。
With a focus on comprehensively advancing the rule of law, we placed equal emphasis on making new laws, revising existing ones, abolishing those that are unnecessary, and interpreting laws that need clarification, stressed both quality and efficiency, strengthened legislative work in important fields, and made constant efforts to legislate in a more well-conceived, democratic, and law-based manner.
配合和促进全面深化改革，确保重大改革于法有据。外商投资法通过后，一揽子修改建筑法、消防法、电子签名法、城乡规划法、车船税法、商标法、反不正当竞争法、行政许可法，完成相关法律的衔接；修改台湾同胞投资保护法，确保改革成果同步惠及台湾同胞。审议城市维护建设税法、契税法、出口管制法草案，作出关于授权国务院在自由贸易试验区暂时调整适用有关法律规定的决定、授权澳门特别行政区对横琴口岸澳方口岸区及相关延伸区实施管辖的决定，回应时代和改革的法治需求。授权国务院在海南自由贸易试验区暂时调整适用土地管理法、种子法、海商法的有关规定，支持海南建设自由贸易试验区和中国特色自由贸易港。证券法修改历经四审，坚守推进改革、保护投资者权益、强化监管的立法方向，确认注册制等改革成果，为资本市场改革和健康发展提供法治保障。
In coordination with efforts to comprehensively deepen reform, we worked to guarantee that major reforms have a legal basis. After adopting the Foreign Investment Law, we completed its integration with relevant laws by revising a package of laws on construction, fire protection, digital signatures, urban and rural planning, vehicle and vessel taxes, trademarks, unfair competition, and administrative approval. We revised the Law of the People’s Republic of China on Protecting the Investments of Taiwan Compatriots in order to ensure that our Taiwan compatriots are able to share in the benefits of reform. We deliberated draft laws on the urban construction and maintenance tax, the deed tax, and export control, authorized the State Council to temporarily adjust the application of relevant laws and regulations in pilot free trade zones, and authorized jurisdiction of Macao’s port zone at Hengqin port and its extended areas to the Macao SAR, all 5 in response to the legal needs raised by contemporary circumstances and the process of reform. We authorized the State Council to temporarily adjust the application of relevant provisions of the Land Administration Law, the Seed Law, and the Maritime Law to support Hainan in building the China (Hainan) Pilot Free Trade Zone and a free trade port with Chinese features. Sticking to the legislative principles of promoting reforms, protecting the rights and interests of investors, and strengthening oversight, we conducted four deliberations on the Securities Law, giving affirmation to outcomes of reform including the registration-based IPO system, and thus provided legal guarantees for reform and healthy development of the capital market.
贯彻新发展理念，以高质量立法推动高质量发展。制定资源税法，修改固体废物污染环境防治法、森林法，把生态优先、绿色发展、人与自然和谐共生的理念多维度、多层次融入立法。起草并审议长江保护法草案，贯彻“共抓大保护，不搞大开发”的理念，用法律武器、法治力量保护长江母亲河。审议著作权法修正案草案，加大打击侵权违法行为力度，加强知识产权保护。修改土地管理法、城市房地产管理法，坚持农民利益只做加法不做减法的底线立场和修法方向，为盘活土地资源、增加农民财产性收入、强化耕地保护、促进城乡融合发展提供制度保障。
In an effort to practice the new development philosophy, we promoted high-quality development with high-quality legislative work. We enacted the Resource Tax Law, and revised the Law on the Prevention and Control of Environmental Pollution Caused by Solid Waste and the Forest Law, thereby incorporating the concepts of putting the environment first, pursuing green development, and fostering harmony between humans and nature into legislative work through multiple approaches and on multiple levels. We drafted and deliberated the draft law on Yangtze River conservation, thereby using legal measures and the force of the law to protect this deeply important waterway in the spirit of promoting well-coordinated environmental conservation and avoiding excessive development. We deliberated the draft revision of the Copyright Law to better protect intellectual property rights and step up the fight against encroachment. Through revision of the Land Administration Law and the Law on Administration of Urban Real Estate, we stuck to the bottom line and legislative orientation of only increasing and never decreasing protections for the interests of farmers, and provided institutional guarantees for putting idle land resources to use, increasing farmers’ property income, bolstering the protection of farmland, and promoting integrated development of urban and rural areas.
把人民对美好生活的向往作为奋斗目标，加快民生领域立法。制定基本医疗卫生与健康促进法，为全方位全周期维护人民健康提供了法律保障。修改药品管理法，推动解决人民群众反映强烈的假药、劣药、药价高、药品短缺等问题。制定疫苗管理法，为疫苗研发、生产、流通、接种加上一把“安全锁”。总结新冠肺炎疫情防控工作的经验，按照强化公共卫生法治保障体系的要求，制定实施专项立法修法计划，成立工作专班，对30件立法修法项目作出统筹安排，争取用1至2年时间完成大部分立法任务。审议动物防疫法修订草案，强化动物疫源疫情的监测预警。起草并审议生物安全法草案，努力制定一部防范生物风险、促进生物技术发展、支撑国家生物安全体系的法律。
With fulfilling the people’s aspirations for a better life as our goal, we accelerated legislation pertaining to public wellbeing. We formulated the Law on Promoting Basic Medical and Health Care to provide legal guarantees for delivering comprehensive health care for our people at all stages of life. We revised the Pharmaceutical Administration Law to promote the solution of problems of great concern to the people, including the issue of counterfeit or substandard drugs, high drug prices, and drug shortages. We formulated the Vaccine Management Law to provide more secure guarantees for the processes of developing, producing, 6 distributing, and administering vaccines. Drawing lessons from covid-19 prevention and control efforts, we formulated and implemented special plans for enacting or revising laws in an effort to strengthen the system of legal guarantees in the public health sector. We set up a task force to make overall plans for enacting or revising 30 laws, with the aim of completing most of these legislative tasks within a year or two. We deliberated draft revisions of the Law on Animal Epidemic Prevention to enhance monitoring and early warning of epidemics originating from animals. We drafted the law on biosafety and conducted deliberations on the draft, in a bid to formulate a law that guards against biological risks, promotes the development of biotechnology, and serves as a pillar of the country’s biosafety system.
围绕国家制度和国家治理体系建设，加强监察、司法、社会治理、国家安全等领域立法。深化国家监察体制改革，作出关于国家监察委员会制定监察法规的决定，审议公职人员政务处分法草案。制定社区矫正法，审议未成年人保护法、预防未成年人犯罪法修订草案，作出关于废止有关收容教育法律规定和制度的决定，更好适应新时代社会治理的要求。修改法官法、检察官法，作出关于授权开展民事诉讼程序繁简分流改革试点工作的决定，巩固和深化司法体制改革成果。制定密码法，审议档案法修订草案，完善相关领域治理的法律制度。
With a focus on developing our state system and national governance system, we enhanced legislation pertaining to supervision, justice, social governance, and national security. We deepened reform of the national supervision system, made a decision on the formulation of supervisory regulations by the National Commission of Supervision, and deliberated the draft law on administrative discipline for government employees. We formulated the Community Correction Law, deliberated draft revisions of the Law on the Protection of Minors and the Law on Preventing Juvenile Delinquency, and made the decision to abolish the system of “custody and education” for prostitution related offences and related legal regulations, so as to better meet the requirements for social governance in the new era. We revised the Judges Law and the Public Procurators Law, and authorized pilot reforms for streamlining civil litigation procedures, in an effort to consolidate and further our achievements in reform of the judicial system. We formulated the Cryptography Law and deliberated draft revisions of the Archives Law to improve legal systems for governance in relevant fields.
提交本次大会审议的民法典草案，是我国法治建设的一个标志性重大成果。本届常委会在上届工作的基础上加快推进民法典编纂工作，2018年8月整体审议各分编草案，之后分单元多次进行审议，并对完整的民法典草案进行审议，先后7次公开征求意见，征集到各方面意见90余万条。经过反复修改、精雕细琢，形成了目前总共7编1260条的民法典草案。相信经过全体代表的认真审议，一定能制定出一部具有中国特色、体现时代精神、反映人民意愿、保障民事权利、维护社会公平正义的民法典。
The draft Civil Code submitted to this session for deliberation represents an important milestone in our country’s advancement of the rule of law. Building upon the work of the Standing Committee of the last NPC, the current Standing Committee accelerated efforts to compile the Civil Code. In August 2018, we conducted an overall review of all draft books of the Civil Code, and then carried out multiple reviews of individual units as well as a review of the complete draft of the Civil Code. We also solicited opinions from the public on seven occasions, receiving more than 900,000 comments from various sectors. Through repeated and meticulous revisions, we have compiled this draft Civil Code which consists of 1,260 articles in 7 books. We are confident that, through the careful deliberation of 7 all our deputies, we will be able to produce a civil code that boasts Chinese characteristics, encapsulates the spirit of the times, reflects the will of the people, and safeguards civil rights and social fairness and justice.
过去一年多的立法工作给予了我们重要启示，这就是：中国特色社会主义进入新时代，立法工作必须适应党和国家事业发展新要求，始终坚持以人民为中心，确保党的主张通过法定程序成为国家意志。要及时反映改革开放新经验新成果，坚持立法决策与改革决策相衔接、相统一，增强法律的及时性、系统性、针对性、有效性，不断完善中国特色社会主义法律体系。
Our legislative work since last year has provided us with the following important lessons: as socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era, our legislative work must meet the new requirements for the development of the cause of the Party and the state, uphold a people-centered philosophy, and ensure that the propositions of the Party are translated into the will of the state through legally stipulated procedures. We must see that new experiences and achievements captured in reform and opening up are promptly reflected in legislation, that the decision-making processes for legislation and reform are interlinked and unified, and that our laws become more timely, systematic, targeted, and effective, in a continued effort to improve the Chinese socialist legal system.
三、依照法定职责围绕重大改革发展任务推进监督工作
III. We advanced oversight work in line with our legally prescribed duties and with a focus on major tasks in reform and development.
坚持正确监督、有效监督，聚焦行政权、监察权、审判权、检察权的依法正确行使，关注老百姓牵肠挂肚的急事难事，让改革发展成果更多更公平惠及全体人民，更好助力经济社会发展和改革攻坚任务。
We continued to exercise proper and effective oversight, put focus on ensuring that administrative, supervisory, judicial, and procuratorial powers are exercised properly and in accordance with the law, and laid emphasis on urgent problems of immediate concern to the people, with a view to seeing that the people share more fully and fairly in the fruits of reform and development, better promoting economic and social development, and aiding the advancement of reform tasks.
依法开展计划和预算监督工作。听取审议国民经济和社会发展计划执行情况、预算执行情况的报告，围绕落实主要指标、重点任务和提高资金使用绩效等提出意见建议300多条，助力打好三大攻坚战和做好“六稳”工作。听取审议2018年度中央预算执行和其他财政收支的审计工作报告、审计查出问题整改情况的报告，督促有关部门严格执行财经法律法规、深入整改问题。
We conducted law-based oversight on the plans and budgets of the government. We heard and deliberated reports on the implementation of the plan for national economic and social development and on budget execution, and put forward more than 300 comments and suggestions on meeting major targets, fulfilling key tasks, and ensuring more effective use of funds in order to facilitate progress in the three critical battles against poverty, pollution, and potential risks and in efforts to stabilize employment, the financial sector, foreign trade, foreign investment, domestic investment, and expectations. We heard and deliberated reports on the auditing of the execution of central government budgets and other items of revenue and expenditure and on the rectification of problems discovered through audit in 2018, and urged relevant departments to strictly abide by financial and economic laws and regulations and thoroughly rectify any relevant problems.
推进人大预算审查监督重点向支出预算和政策拓展，加强国有资产管理监督，是党中央赋予人大的两项重要职责。常委会按照“全口径审查、全过程监管”的要求，制定关于进一步加强各级人大常委会对审计查出突出问题整改情况监督的意见，推动党中央决策部署在预算编制和预算执行中贯彻落实。聚焦财政政策实施、部门预算执行、转移支付下达、地方政府债券发行使用、污染防治政策措施及财政资金安排情况等重点，持续进行跟踪监督，共组织25次专项调研，听取35次汇报，开展4次专题审议，审查9项专项资金，进一步加强了对财政资金使用绩效和政策实施效果的审查监督。推动地方人大落实预算审查监督重点向支出预算和政策拓展的改革举措，所有省（区、市）都制定了实施意见。按照全面规范、公开透明、监督有力的目标，制定国有资产管理监督五年规划，审议2018年度国有资产管理情况综合报告和全国行政事业性国有资产管理情况专项报告，推进国有资产管理监督深化拓展、提质增效。推动地方将国有资产管理情况报告制度延伸到设区的市和自治州。
Expanding the focus of budget review and oversight of people’s congresses to 8 cover expenditure budgets and policies and enhancing oversight over the management of state-owned assets are two important tasks that the CPC Central Committee has entrusted to people’s congresses. In line with the requirement to ensure exhaustive review and exercise oversight at all stages, the Standing Committee formulated guidelines for further strengthening oversight by the standing committees of people’s congresses at all levels on the rectification of prominent problems discovered through audit so as to promote the thorough implementation of the CPC Central Committee’s decisions and plans in the compilation and execution of budgets. Focusing on key issues such as the implementation of fiscal policies, the execution of departmental budgets, the availability of transfer payments, the issuance and use of local government bonds, the enforcement of policies and measures for pollution prevention and control, and the allocation of government funds, we conducted follow-up oversight by organizing 25 research projects, hearing 35 summary reports, holding 4 special deliberation meetings, and carrying out inspection over 9 special funds. We thus stepped up inspection and oversight on how efficiently government funds are used and how effectively policies are implemented. We pushed local people’s congresses to implement reform measures to expand the focus of their budget review and oversight to cover expenditure budgets and policies, with all provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the central government formulating guidelines on the implementation of these measures. In line with the goal of conducting comprehensive, standardized, open, transparent, and effective oversight, we formulated a five-year plan for overseeing the management of state-owned assets, and deliberated a comprehensive report on the management of state-owned assets and a special report on the management of state-owned assets of government administrative offices and public institutions in 2018, with a view to enhancing the depth, breadth, quality, and efficiency of oversight on the management of state-owned assets. We also encouraged local governments to extend the system for reporting on the management of state-owned assets to cities with subsidiary districts and autonomous prefectures.
扎实做好专项工作监督。听取审议国务院关于医师队伍管理和执业医师法实施、学前教育事业改革和发展、推进社会救助工作、乡村产业发展、农村集体产权制度改革、文化产业发展、加快外贸转型升级、减税降费、财政生态环保资金分配和使用、2018年度和2019年度环境状况和环境保护目标完成情况等11个专项工作报告，推动解决涉及人民群众切身利益的突出问题，助力供给侧结构性改革和经济高质量发展。开展脱贫攻坚、民族地区兴边富民行动、防范化解系统性金融风险、应对人口老龄化、养老保险基金管理与改革、国家安全法实施、监察体制改革和监察法实施等7项专题调研，提出加强和改进工作的建议。
We took solid steps to conduct effective oversight on special topics. We heard and deliberated 11 work reports by the State Council regarding special topics, including management of physicians and implementation of the Practicing Physicians Law, reform and development of preschool education, promotion of social assistance, development of rural industries, reform of the rural collective property rights system, development of cultural industries, acceleration of the 9 transformation and upgrading of foreign trade, reduction of taxes and fees, allocation and use of government funds for ecological conservation and environmental protection, and the state of the environment and fulfillment of environmental protection targets in 2018 and 2019. On this basis, we facilitated efforts to resolve prominent issues of immediate concern to the people, and promoted supply-side structural reform and high-quality economic development. We conducted research on 7 special initiatives, namely those for combatting poverty, invigorating border regions inhabited by ethnic minorities and benefitting the people living there, forestalling and defusing systemic financial risks, responding to the challenge of population aging, managing and reforming old-age insurance funds, implementing the National Security Law, and reforming the supervision system and implementing the Supervision Law, and put forward suggestions for enhancing and improving relevant work.
加强司法工作监督。继2018年听取审议关于人民法院解决“执行难”工作情况的报告后，2019年加强跟踪监督，专门听取审议关于常委会组成人员审议意见办理情况的报告，巩固基本解决“执行难”成果。听取审议关于加强刑事审判工作情况的报告，促进以审判为中心的刑事诉讼制度改革。听取审议关于开展公益诉讼检察工作情况的报告并进行专题询问，推动检察机关履行好维护国家和社会公共利益的法定职责。
We strengthened oversight over judicial work. After hearing and deliberating the report on the work of people’s courts to ensure enforcement of rulings in 2018, we strengthened follow-up oversight in 2019 by hearing and deliberating the report on the handling of related comments of Standing Committee members, thus consolidating the progress that has been made in generally resolving difficulties in the enforcement of court rulings. We heard and deliberated the report on enhancing criminal trials in order to promote reform of the criminal procedure system with a focus on court proceedings. We heard and deliberated a report on the public interest litigation work of procuratorates and carried out a special inquiry on this topic in order to ensure that procuratorial organs effectively fulfill their legally prescribed duties to safeguard national interests and the interests of the public.
遵照法律规定开展执法检查。完善执法检查工作机制和方式方法，逐条对照法律规定进行检查，推动有关方面严格落实法律制度和法定职责。检查中小企业促进法、水污染防治法、高等教育法、就业促进法、可再生能源法、渔业法等6部法律的实施情况，结合审议中小企业促进法、水污染防治法执法检查报告开展2次专题询问。在水污染防治法等4项执法检查中，引入第三方评估，提高检查的科学性、客观性、权威性。积极探索评价法律实施情况的新形式新办法，开展对中小企业促进法、企业破产法、产品质量法的立法后评估，形成立法决策、制度设计、法律实施与效果反馈的闭环，提高立法和监督工作质量。
We conducted law enforcement inspections in line with legal stipulations. We improved working mechanisms and methods for inspecting law enforcement, and carried out inspection in strict accordance with legal stipulations, pushing relevant parties to strictly implement laws and rigorously perform their legally prescribed duties. We inspected the enforcement of six laws, including the Law on Promoting Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises, the Law on the Prevention and Control of Water Pollution, the Higher Education Law, the Law on Promoting Employment, the Law on Renewable Energy, and the Fisheries Law. We also conducted two special inquiries on the basis of our deliberations on inspection reports regarding the enforcement of the Law on Promoting Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises and the Law on the Prevention and Control of Water Pollution. While inspecting 10 enforcement of the Law on the Prevention and Control of Water Pollution and three other laws, we introduced third-party evaluations to make our inspections more scientific, objective, and authoritative. We worked actively to explore new forms and methods of assessing the implementation of laws, conducted evaluations after the enactment of laws including the Law on Promoting Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises, the Enterprise Bankruptcy Law, and the Product Quality Law, and put in place a closed-loop system incorporating legislative decision-making, institutional design, the implementation of laws, and feedback on efficacy, with a view to raising the quality of legislation and oversight.
四、全面加强支持和服务代表依法履职的工作制度机制建设
IV. We improved working systems and mechanisms for supporting and serving deputies in the law-based performance of their duties.
全国人大代表是最高国家权力机关的组成人员。尊重代表的权利就是尊重人民的权利，保障代表依法履职就是保证人民当家作主。为此，常委会制定了关于加强和改进全国人大代表工作的35条具体措施，更好支持和保障代表依法履职。
NPC deputies are members of the highest organ of state power. By respecting the rights of deputies, we show our respect to the rights of the people, and by ensuring that deputies lawfully perform their duties, we guarantee that the people remain masters of the country. With this in mind, the Standing Committee formulated 35 measures for strengthening and improving work related to NPC deputies in an effort to support and guarantee the law-based performance of their duties.
认真办理代表议案和建议。十三届全国人大二次会议期间代表提出的议案和建议，全国人大专门委员会依法审议，有关承办单位坚持结果与过程并重，“点对点”联系，“面对面”沟通，及时向代表及原选举单位通报办理情况和结果。主席团交付审议的491件代表议案都已办理完毕，其中27件议案涉及的12个立法项目已审议通过，56件议案涉及的9个立法项目已提请审议，191件议案涉及的65个立法项目已列入立法规划或计划。8160件建议交由193家承办单位办理并答复代表，所提问题得到解决或计划逐步解决的占建议总数的71.3%。确定的22项重点督办建议，涉及276件代表建议，由7个专门委员会负责督办，推动解决了一批实际问题。认真办理闭会期间代表提出的560件意见建议，包括代表直接提出的210件，委员长会议组成人员转交的63件，常委会委员转交的10件，常委会会议期间列席代表提出的277件。
We earnestly handled the suggestions and proposals of deputies. Special committees of the NPC deliberated suggestions and proposals put forward by deputies during the Second Session of the 13th National People’s Congress in accordance with the law. Putting equal emphasis on the processes and the outcomes, departments charged with handling deputies’ suggestions maintained direct contact with involved parties, and informed deputies and their electoral bodies on progress and results in a timely manner. Relevant special committees completed their examination of all 491 proposals referred to them by the Presidium. Among these, 12 legislative items addressed in 27 of the proposals were reviewed and adopted, 9 legislative items addressed in 56 of the proposals were submitted for review, and 65 legislative items addressed in 191 of the proposals were included in our five-year legislative program or annual legislative plan. A total of 8,160 suggestions were referred to 193 departments for implementation, with feedback given to deputies, and 71.3% of the problems raised in these suggestions were either solved or addressed with plans to solve them over time. A total of 22 key suggestions drawn from 276 deputies’ suggestions were handled under the oversight of seven special committees, which helped resolve a number of practical issues. We made earnest efforts to handle 560 opinions and suggestions that were 11 raised when the NPC was not in session. Of these, 210 were brought up by deputies directly, 63 were referred by members of the Chairperson’s Council, 10 were referred by members of the Standing Committee, and 277 were raised by invited deputies during Standing Committee meetings.
发挥代表在立法工作中的作用。根据代表议案建议研究确定立法项目，邀请代表直接参与法律草案调研、起草、论证、审议、评估等工作。综合性、基础性的重要法律草案印发全体代表征求意见，专业性强的法律草案印发相关专业或领域的代表征求意见。
We exerted the role of deputies in legislative work. We established legislative tasks based on deputies’ proposals and invited deputies to directly participate in the research, drafting, debate, deliberation, and assessment processes involved in creating draft laws. Drafts of laws with far-reaching and fundamental significance were issued to all deputies to solicit their comments, while drafts of laws concerning highly specialized fields were issued to deputies from corresponding disciplines and professional fields for comment.
加强常委会同代表的联系。完善常委会组成人员联系代表的机制，推动专门委员会、工作委员会与代表加强联系。常委会组成人员通过多种形式联系代表，畅通反映情况、听取意见的渠道，更好地了解基层情况，反映人民呼声。健全完善代表参与常委会、专门委员会工作的机制，组织代表74人次参加执法检查，邀请代表73人次参加预算审查监督，邀请代表298人次列席常委会会议，召开5次列席代表座谈会。
We enhanced the Standing Committee’s contact with deputies. We improved mechanisms for members of the Standing Committee to get in touch with deputies, and encouraged special committees and working committees to remain in closer contact with deputies. Members of the Standing Committee kept in contact with deputies by various means and maintained open channels for deputies to report on situations and convey opinions, helping them to better understand circumstances at the primary level and get a clearer picture of public concerns. We improved mechanisms for deputies to participate in the work of the Standing Committee and special committees, reaching attendance of 74 in law enforcement inspections, 73 in budget review and oversight, and 298 in meetings of the Standing Committee in a non-voting capacity. We also held discussions with deputies invited to attend Standing Committee meetings on five occasions.
密切代表同人民群众的联系。推动地方人大组织全国人大代表就近参加代表联络站、代表之家和基层立法联系点的活动。地方各级人大已建成22.8万个代表联络站和代表之家，为代表履职搭建了立足基层、贴近群众、覆盖城乡的工作平台。广大代表通过多种形式，听取和反映群众的意见建议，发挥了上情下达、下情上传的重要作用。
We fostered closer ties between deputies and the people. We encouraged local people’s congresses to arrange for NPC deputies to attend activities organized by liaison offices and local legislative outreach offices close to them. Local people’s congresses at all levels have established 228,000 liaison offices, thereby setting up a platform covering urban and rural areas that will help deputies perform their duties by having a foothold in local communities and remaining in closer touch with the people. Deputies worked to solicit and convey opinions and suggestions from the public through multiple means, and effectively performed their important function of transmitting information between higher and lower levels.
提高代表服务保障工作水平。组织1830名代表开展专题调研、考察和视察，形成91个调研报告。坚持培训资源向基层代表倾斜，全年有1900多人次代表参加集中培训，十三届以来累计集中培训代表3200多人次，基本实现基层代表履职学习全覆盖。统筹安排1254人次代表参加“一府一委两院”联系代表的活动。加强与代表所在单位的沟通，为代表履职创造良好条件。
We improved services for deputies. We organized research projects and inspection tours for 1,830 deputies, which resulted in 91 reports. We continued to channel training resources toward primary-level deputies, and organized training 12 programs over the year that drew more than 1,900 attendees. Total attendance in centralized training has surpassed 3,200 since the First Session of the 13th NPC, with essentially all primary-level deputies involved in study sessions on matters pertaining to their duties. We made coordinated arrangements for deputies to participate in activities promoting contact between deputies and the State Council, the National Commission of Supervision, the Supreme People’s Court, and the Supreme People’s Procuratorate, with attendance in these activities reaching 1,254. By enhancing communication with the organizations where deputies work, we created better conditions for deputies to perform their duties.
在这场疫情防控战中，全国人大代表和地方人大代表积极响应党中央号令，在各级党委、政府的领导组织下，投身抗疫一线，参与科研攻关，保障物资供应，踊跃捐款捐物，主动建言献策，在各条战线、各自岗位上发挥积极作用，以实际行动践行了代表人民、为了人民、服务人民的光荣使命。
In the fight against covid-19, NPC deputies and deputies to local people’s congresses have reacted swiftly to the commands of the CPC Central Committee. Following the leadership and arrangements of Party committees and governments at different levels, they have devoted themselves to fighting against the epidemic on the front lines. They have conducted scientific research, worked to guarantee the provision of supplies, donated funds and supplies, and offered suggestions and proposals, playing an active role on every front through their respective posts. Through concrete actions, they have practiced their honorable mission of representing the people, working for the people, and serving the people.
五、围绕服务党和国家外交大局开展对外工作
V. We carried out our work on international exchanges in the service of the overall diplomatic work of the Party and the state.
全面贯彻习近平外交思想，发挥人大在国家外交中的职能作用，进一步增强人大对外工作的主动性、针对性、统筹性。共接待来自36个国家和各国议会联盟的53个团组访华，派出65个团组访问60个国家和1个地区议会组织。
In implementing Xi Jinping’s thinking on diplomacy and exerting the functional role of the NPC in China’s diplomatic initiatives, we took steps to make the NPC’s work on international exchanges more active, targeted, and coordinated. We received a total of 53 delegations from 36 countries and the Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU), and sent 65 delegations on visits to 60 countries and one regional parliamentary organization.
以落实国家元首外交成果和共识为首要任务，加强全国人大同各国议会的友好交往。围绕关于发展大国关系、加强同周边国家睦邻友好、深化同发展中国家团结合作等外交工作大政方针，为深化各领域务实合作提供法律和政策保障。积极宣介习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想，介绍阐释中国道路、中国理论、中国制度、中国文化和治国理政实践，让世界更多了解中国，了解中国共产党，了解中国特色社会主义。配合第二届“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛、第二届中国国际进口博览会等重要主场外交活动，深化同相关国家议会的交流合作。从立法机关角度敦促有关国家保护我海外利益和人员安全，助力国家对外开放战略。
Making it our top priority to see through the outcomes and consensus reached in diplomatic work at the head-of-state level, we stepped up friendly exchanges between the NPC and the parliamentary bodies of other countries. We worked to provide legal and policy guarantees for deepening practical cooperation in all areas, with a focus on our major diplomatic objectives of developing major country relations, strengthening good relations between China and neighboring countries, and boosting solidarity and cooperation with other developing countries. We took active steps to share information about Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era as well as China’s path, theory, system, and 13 culture and its experience in national governance with the world, in an effort to help the international community better understand China, the CPC, and socialism with Chinese characteristics. We deepened cooperation and exchange with the parliamentary bodies of relevant countries in support of major diplomatic events hosted by China such as the Second Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation and the second China International Import Expo. In our role as a legislative body, we also urged relevant countries to ensure the safety of our citizens and interests overseas, thereby aiding in the implementation of China’s opening up strategy.
加强同外国议会双边机制性交流，积极参与多边议会交往。共同举办中国全国人大与俄罗斯议会合作委员会第五次会议，与法国、日本、巴西等国议会开展机制交流活动。新设双边友好小组4个，全国人大与外国议会间友好组织累计达到129个，为我国与有关国家加深了解、增进友谊增添了力量。派团出席各国议会联盟第140届和第141届大会、二十国集团议长会议、亚太议会论坛第28届年会、第四届欧亚国家议长会议、第三次六国议长会议、金砖国家议会论坛、第三届可持续发展世界议会论坛、议会世贸大会指导委员会、亚太议员环发大会、南极议员大会等会议，利用多边场合加强沟通协调。举办发展中国家议员研讨班、非洲法语国家议员研讨班、缅甸议员研讨班，14个国家的74名议员来华交流学习，增进治国理政经验交流互鉴。
We stepped up exchanges with the parliamentary bodies of other countries through bilateral mechanisms, and actively participated in multilateral parliamentary exchanges. We held the fifth meeting of the committee for cooperation between China’s NPC and the Russian Federal Assembly, and carried out exchanges with the national parliamentary bodies of France, Japan, and Brazil through bilateral mechanisms. With 4 newly established bilateral friendship groups, the NPC has now set up a total of 129 friendship organizations with the parliamentary bodies of other countries. This has helped deepen mutual understanding and boost friendship between China and relevant countries. We sent delegations to attend the 140th and 141st Assembly of the IPU, the Parliamentary Speakers’ Summit at the G20, the 28th annual conference of the Asia-Pacific Parliamentary Forum, the fourth Meeting of the Speakers of the Eurasian Countries’ Parliaments, the third Speakers’ Conference of Afghanistan, China, Iran, Pakistan, Russia, and Turkey, the BRICS Parliamentary Forum, the third World Parliamentary Forum on Sustainable Development, the Steering Committee of the Parliamentary Conference on the World Trade Organization, the Asian-Pacific Parliamentarians’ Conference on Environment and Development, and the Antarctic Parliamentarians’ Assembly, taking advantage of multilateral venues to strengthen communication and coordination. We held a seminar for members of parliament from developing countries, a seminar for members of parliament from French-speaking countries in Africa, and a seminar for members of parliament from Myanmar, and hosted 74 members of parliament from 14 countries on study and exchange visits in China, thereby deepening exchanges and mutual learning with regard to national governance.
深化立法交流。充分用好同有关国家法律交流合作机制，加强立法理论、制度与实践方面的交流。围绕立法技术规范、区域协同立法和民法典、专利、未成年人保护、行政处罚、环境保护等立法工作，与有关国家开展专题考察研讨。主动宣传我国人民代表大会制度，做好宪法、外商投资法的对外宣传阐释，介绍我国在打击洗钱犯罪、保护知识产权和生态环境、开展更大力度对外开放等方面的立法成果。
We deepened exchanges on legislative issues. By leveraging mechanisms for legal cooperation and exchange with relevant countries, we intensified exchanges on the theoretical, institutional, and practical aspects of legislation. We carried out 14 special discussions with and inspection tours in relevant countries on topics including technical standards in the legislative process, regional coordination on legislation, and legislative work regarding issues such as civil codes, patents, the protection of minors, administrative punishment, and environmental protection. We actively publicized China’s system of people’s congresses, took effective steps to share and clarify information regarding China’s Constitution and the Foreign Investment Law, and introduced China’s legislative achievements in areas such as combating money laundering, protecting intellectual property rights and the environment, and opening up more broadly to the outside world.
组派3个全国人大西藏代表团赴有关国家和地区访问，宣传阐释我国民族宗教政策和民族区域自治制度，介绍民族自治地方经济社会发展成就。组织27名基层全国人大代表和地方人大代表参与全国人大对外交往活动，亲身讲述自己的履职故事，向国际社会展现中国人民当家作主的生动实践。
We arranged for three delegations of Tibetan NPC deputies to visit relevant countries and regions in order to share and clarify information about China’s policies on ethnic minorities and religious groups, and the system of regional ethnic autonomy, and to introduce our achievements in advancing economic and social development in ethnic autonomous areas. We arranged for 27 NPC deputies from the primary level and deputies to local people’s congresses to participate in the NPC’s foreign exchange activities. By personally telling stories about their work, they illustrated for the international community how the Chinese people act as masters of our country.
六、紧扣坚持党的领导、人民当家作主、依法治国有机统一加强自身建设
VI. We intensified self-improvement efforts with a focus on upholding the unity between the leadership of the Party, the position of the people as masters of the country, and law-based governance.
坚持党的领导、人民当家作主、依法治国有机统一，是社会主义政治发展的必然要求，是坚持和完善人民代表大会制度的必然要求，也是加强人大党的建设和自身建设的重要任务。
Upholding the unity between the leadership of the Party, the position of the people as masters of the country, and law-based governance is an essential requirement for pursuing socialist political development and for upholding and improving the people’s congress system, as well as one of the major tasks for strengthening Party building and self-improvement of the NPC.
维护党中央权威和集中统一领导，确保党的领导落实到人大工作各领域各方面各环节。认真开展“不忘初心、牢记使命”主题教育，强化理论武装，增强为人民服务、为实现党的历史使命不懈奋斗的责任感使命感。围绕提升履职能力和工作水平，举办6次专题讲座。召开习近平总书记关于坚持和完善人民代表大会制度的重要思想第二次学习交流会，深刻理解和把握人民代表大会制度的科学内涵和新时代人大工作的实践要求。完成人大制度理论研究会换届工作，全面加强人大理论与实践研究。
We upheld the authority and centralized, unified leadership of the CPC Central Committee, and ensured that the Party’s leadership covers all areas of the NPC’s work at every stage. We earnestly carried out the intraparty educational campaign on the theme of “staying true to Party’s founding mission,” enhanced our theoretical competence, and built a stronger sense of responsibility and mission for serving the people and working tirelessly toward the Party’s historic objectives. With a view to raising our capacity to perform our duties and making our work more efficient, we held six lectures on related topics. We held the second seminar for studying General Secretary Xi Jinping’s important thinking on 15 upholding and improving the system of people’s congresses. Through this seminar, we acquired a deeper understanding and firmer grasp of the system’s significance and the practical requirements for the work of people’s congresses in the new era. We also completed the election of a new council for the China Institute of Theory on the People’s Congress System, and took comprehensive measures to improve theoretical and practical research on people’s congresses.
扩大公众对人大工作的有序参与，通过多种形式听取群众意见，真正做到为人民用权、为人民履职。深入贯彻中央八项规定及其实施细则精神，力戒形式主义、官僚主义，统筹安排调研活动，及时了解和反映人民群众所思所盼所想。常委会、专门委员会开展调研近300次。发挥基层立法联系点接地气、聚民智的“直通车”作用，支持基层群众参与立法全过程，原汁原味收集反映意见建议。加强和改进信访工作，开通全国人大机关网上信访平台，办理来信来访近8万件次，其中代表转交的178件，推动依法及时解决群众合理诉求。
We expanded public participation in the work of people’s congresses in an organized manner, and solicited the views of the people through various channels, thereby truly ensuring that we exercise our authority and fulfill our duties in service of the people. We fully executed the CPC Central Committee’s eight-point decision on improving Party and government conduct and the detailed rules for its implementation, and took a firm stance against bureaucratism and the practice of formalities for formalities’ sake. We arranged research activities in a coordinated manner to help deputies understand and convey the people’s thoughts and expectations in a timely manner. The Standing Committee and special committees carried out nearly 300 research projects last year. We took full advantage of legislative outreach offices by directly soliciting views and ideas from the public, and encouraged the general public to participate in the entire legislative process. We were thus able to collect suggestions and advice and convey them in an authentic and accurate manner. We intensified and improved work related to the handling of people’s complaints, setting up an online platform for administrative bodies of the NPC to receive and process public complaints. Nearly 80,000 letters and visits were handled, with 178 letters forwarded via deputies, helping the NPC promptly address the justified appeals of the public in accordance with the law.
全国人大及其常委会作为国家立法机关，带头遵守宪法法律，依法履职、依法办事。严格执行立法法、监督法和常委会议事规则，确保每一次会议、每一项议程、每一件议案都符合宪法法律规定和法定程序。坚持集体行使职权、集体决定问题，合理安排全体会议、分组审议和联组审议，发扬民主，集思广益，形成共识，把民主集中制贯穿履职全过程。从履行法定职责的高度严肃会风会纪，常委会会议出席率保持在97%以上，做到所有表决事项全人全次按表决器，确保人民赋予的权力得到正确有效行使。
As the legislative organ of the state, the NPC and its Standing Committee sets an example in observing the Constitution and other laws by ensuring that our work and duties are performed in accordance with the law. We strictly enforced the Legislation Law, the Oversight Law, and the rules for Standing Committee deliberations, thereby guaranteeing that every meeting, every agenda, and every proposal conforms to constitutional and legal regulations and statutory procedures. We remained committed to making decisions and exercising our authority on a collective basis, and made reasonable arrangements for plenary sessions as well as group and panel deliberations. In an effort to foster democracy and gather a wide range of opinions while building consensus, we practiced the principle of democratic centralism throughout the performance of our duties. With a view to fully performing our legally prescribed duties, we improved the organization of 16 meetings and imposed strict discipline during meetings. More specifically, we kept the attendance rate of Standing Committee meetings above 97 percent, and made sure that every attending deputy cast a vote on each issue via electronic voting device, thus seeing that the power vested in us by the people was exercised effectively and properly.
全国人大各专门委员会认真履行法定职责，在研究、拟订、审议有关议案，协助常委会开展立法、监督、代表、对外工作等方面发挥了重要作用。全面加强全国人大机关政治、思想、组织、作风、纪律建设，开展两轮内部巡视，加强警示教育和廉政风险防控，提高参谋助手和服务保障水平，打造让党中央放心、让人民群众满意的模范机关。
Special committees of the NPC earnestly performed their legally prescribed duties, and played an important role in researching, drafting, and deliberating relevant proposals, as well as in assisting the Standing Committee on its work related to legislation, oversight, deputies, and foreign relations. We took comprehensive steps to press ahead with the development of the administrative bodies of the NPC with regard to political awareness, theoretical competence, organization, conduct, and discipline. To be specific, we carried out two rounds of internal inspections, put greater stress on conducting cautionary education and preventing potential corruption, and better exerted the role of these bodies as advisors, assistants, and service-providers in the work of the NPC, thereby building them into model bodies that the CPC Central Committee can trust and that the people are satisfied with.
改进和加强人大新闻舆论工作，深化立法、监督工作全过程报道，展现代表履职风采，宣传地方人大工作创新实践，推动国家根本政治制度深入人心。创新人大新闻舆论宣传方式，加快中国人大杂志和中国人大网改革，推进“刊网微端”融合发展。建立全国人大外事委员会发言人机制，及时就涉及我国核心利益的重大问题阐明立场、主张。建立常委会法制工作委员会发言人机制，回应人民群众对有关法律问题的关切。
We improved and intensified our work on media and public communications by enhancing reporting on the full legislative and oversight processes, putting the diligence of our deputies on display, and publicizing the innovative work of local people’s congresses, thus boosting awareness of China’s fundamental political system among the public. We created new means of publicity by accelerating efforts to revamp the NPC’s magazine and website, and promoted integrated development of our publicity efforts through publications, websites, microblogs, WeChat, and news applications. We established a spokesperson mechanism for the NPC’s Foreign Affairs Committee so that we can promptly clarify our stance on major issues involving China’s core interests. In addition, another spokesperson mechanism was established for the Legislative Affairs Commission of the NPC Standing Committee in order to respond to public concerns on legal issues.
召开纪念地方人大设立常委会40周年座谈会、省级人大立法工作交流会、第25次全国地方立法工作座谈会，认真学习贯彻习近平总书记重要指示精神，加强工作联系，交流工作经验，形成工作合力，共同做好新时代人大工作。
We held a symposium to mark the 40th anniversary of the establishment of standing committees for local people’s congresses at and above the county level, a conference for provincial people’s congresses to share their experience in legislative work, and the 25th national forum on local legislation. In all of these efforts, we thoroughly studied and implemented General Secretary Xi Jinping’s important instructions, maintained closer working relations with local people’s 17 congresses, and exchanged experiences drawn from our work with people’s congresses at different levels, thus forming synergy for effectively performing the work of people’s congresses in the new era.
各位代表！
Fellow Deputies,
全国人大常委会工作取得的成绩，是在以习近平同志为核心的党中央坚强领导下，全国人大代表、常委会组成人员、各专门委员会组成人员和全国人大机关工作人员履职尽责、辛勤工作的结果，是国务院、国家监察委员会、最高人民法院、最高人民检察院和地方各级人大及其常委会密切配合、通力协作的结果，是全国各族人民充分信任、大力支持的结果。在此，我代表全国人大常委会表示衷心的感谢！
The achievements made by the Standing Committee came under the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core. They were the result of the diligent and hard work of all NPC deputies, members of the NPC Standing Committee and special committees, and the staff of the administrative bodies of the NPC; of the close coordination and cooperation of the State Council, the National Commission of Supervision, the Supreme People’s Court, the Supreme People’s Procuratorate, and local people’s congresses at all levels and their standing committees; and of the full trust and great support of the Chinese people. On behalf of the Standing Committee, I would like to express our sincere gratitude.
常委会工作还存在一些差距和不足，主要有：在立法工作中的主导作用发挥不够充分，立法质量需要进一步提升；监督工作的机制方式有待完善，监督实效需要进一步增强；服务代表依法履职的工作水平有待提高，相关机制举措需要进一步落细落实；人大组织制度和议事规则需要进一步健全完善，机关工作效率需要进一步提升。常委会将虚心听取代表和各方面意见建议，不断加强和改进各项工作。
However, there were also certain shortcomings in the work of the Standing Committee. These mainly include the following: we didn’t sufficiently exercise our leading role in legislation, and the quality of legislation needs to be further enhanced; our oversight mechanisms and approaches need to be refined, and the effectiveness of oversight needs to be improved; our work to serve deputies in order to aid them in the performance of their duties needs to be enhanced, and measures and mechanisms in this regard need to be implemented more thoroughly and effectively; and the NPC’s organizational systems and procedural rules need to be further refined, and the administrative bodies of the NPC need to work more efficiently. The Standing Committee will seek comments and suggestions from deputies and all sectors of society with an open mind, and make constant efforts to improve our work in all respects.
各位代表！
Fellow Deputies,
党的十九届四中全会系统总结我国国家制度和国家治理体系的巨大成就和显著优势，对新时代坚持和完善中国特色社会主义制度、推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化作出顶层设计和全面部署。人民代表大会制度是中国特色社会主义制度的重要组成部分，是支撑国家治理体系和治理能力的根本政治制度。新中国成立70年来，中国人民从国家的快速发展变化中，越来越清楚地认识到，人民代表大会制度具有巨大的优越性和强大的生命力。我们要始终坚持和完善人民代表大会制度，不断丰富人民代表大会制度的实践特色、时代特色，把制度优势转化为国家治理效能，通过人民代表大会制度把国家和民族的前途命运牢牢掌握在人民手中。
The Fourth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee has systematically summarized the tremendous achievements and marked strengths of China’s state system and national governance system, and laid out top-level designs and comprehensive plans for upholding and improving the system of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era and advancing the 18 modernization of China’s governance system and capacity for governance. The people’s congress system is an important component of the Chinese socialist system, and the fundamental political system that serves as the pillar of our national governance system and capacity. As our nation has rapidly developed and evolved in the seven decades since the founding of the PRC, the Chinese people have built a clearer understanding of the fact that the people’s congress system is a vital system that boasts enormous advantages. We must remain committed to upholding and improving the people’s congress system, and constantly enrich its practical nature and contemporary relevance. By doing so, we can translate our institutional strengths into effective national governance, and use the people’s congress system to ensure that our nation’s destiny remains firmly in the hands of our people.
今后一个阶段的主要任务
Main Tasks for the Coming Months
2020年，我们党将带领人民实现第一个百年奋斗目标。当前，外部环境严峻复杂，国内改革发展稳定任务艰巨繁重，人大工作面临着许多新情况新要求。常委会要高举中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜，以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指导，全面贯彻党的十九大和十九届二中、三中、四中全会精神，增强“四个意识”、坚定“四个自信”、做到“两个维护”，坚持党的领导、人民当家作主、依法治国有机统一，紧扣推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化，紧扣统筹推进“五位一体”总体布局、协调推进“四个全面”战略布局，紧扣决战决胜脱贫攻坚目标任务、全面建成小康社会，助力统筹推进疫情防控和经济社会发展工作，坚持稳中求进工作总基调，依法履职尽责，推动人大工作不断取得新成绩新进展。
In 2020, our Party will lead the people in fulfilling the first centenary goal. Facing a challenging and complex international environment as well as formidable tasks for advancing domestic reform and development and ensuring stability, the NPC must come to terms with numerous new developments and demands in its work. The Standing Committee must hold high the banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics, follow the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, and fully implement the guiding principles of the Party’s 19th National Congress and the second, third, and fourth plenary sessions of its 19th Central Committee. We must boost our awareness of the need to maintain political integrity, think in big-picture terms, follow the leadership core, and keep in alignment with the central Party leadership. We must strengthen our confidence in the path, theory, system, and culture of socialism with Chinese characteristics. We must resolutely uphold General Secretary Xi Jinping’s core position on the Central Committee and in the Party as a whole, and resolutely uphold the Central Committee’s authority and centralized, unified leadership. We must uphold the unity between the leadership of the Party, the position of the people as masters of the country, and law-based governance. We must focus our work on modernizing China’s governance system and capacity for governance, on coordinating efforts to implement the five-sphere integrated plan and the four-pronged comprehensive strategy, and on securing decisive success in 19 our efforts to win the fight against poverty and build a moderately prosperous society in all respects. We must support the coordinated advancement of epidemic prevention and control and economic and social development, remain committed to the general principle of pursuing progress while ensuring stability, carry out our duties and functions in accordance with the law, and strive to make new progress in our work.
今年以来，按照党中央总体部署，常委会各项工作有序推进。下一步的主要工作安排是：
Since the start of this year, all work of the Standing Committee has proceeded in an orderly fashion in accordance with the Central Committee’s overall plans. In the coming months, we will focus our efforts on the following main tasks:
（一）确保宪法全面实施。落实宪法解释程序机制。推进合宪性审查工作。加强备案审查制度和能力建设，严格执行《法规、司法解释备案审查工作办法》，健全备案审查信息平台功能，加强主动审查和专项审查。做好宪法宣传教育，组织好宪法宣誓和国家宪法日活动。坚持依法治港治澳，维护宪法和基本法确定的宪制秩序，完善全国人大常委会对基本法的解释制度，从国家层面建立健全香港特别行政区维护国家安全的法律制度和执行机制，加快推进相关立法。坚持对台工作大政方针，坚持一个中国原则，坚决反对和遏制“台独”分裂势力，在“九二共识”基础上推动两岸关系和平发展。
First, ensuring full enforcement of the Constitution. We will see that procedures and mechanisms for interpreting the Constitution are well implemented, and make progress in constitutional compliance inspection. We will build up our system and capacity for recording and reviewing normative documents, rigorously implement the Measures for Recording and Review of Regulations and Judicial Interpretations, enhance the functions of the national digital platform for recording and reviewing these documents, and take greater initiative to conduct general reviews and targeted reviews. We will promote public awareness of the Constitution, and organize pledges of allegiance to the Constitution and activities for National Constitution Day. Remaining committed to upholding law-based governance in Hong Kong and Macao, we will work to safeguard constitutional order in the two special administrative regions as stipulated in China’s Constitution and the basic laws, refine the system for interpreting the basic laws by the NPC Standing Committee, establish a sound legal system and effective enforcement mechanisms at the national level for safeguarding national security in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, and accelerate related legislative initiatives. We will maintain our principles and policies on work related to Taiwan, uphold the one-China principle, resolutely oppose and restrict separatist forces seeking “Taiwan Independence,” and promote the peaceful development of cross-Strait relations on the basis of the 1992 Consensus.
（二）加强重要领域立法。今年立法工作任务十分繁重，要把握好质量和效率的关系，更好发挥人大在立法工作中的主导作用，在提高精细化、精准度、针对性上下功夫，确保立一件成一件。围绕推动高质量发展，制定长江保护法、乡村振兴促进法、期货法、海南自由贸易港法，修改专利法等。围绕完善民生保障制度，突出公共卫生领域立法，修改动物防疫法、野生动物保护法、传染病防治法、国境卫生检疫法、突发事件应对法、职业教育法，制定社会救助法、退役军人保障法等。围绕国家安全和社会治理，制定生物安全法、个人信息保护法、数据安全法，通过刑法修正案（十一），修改行政处罚法、行政复议法、治安管理处罚法、人民武装警察法等。围绕加快我国法域外适用的法律体系建设，制定出口管制法，修改反洗钱法、中国人民银行法、商业银行法、保险法等。围绕完善人民当家作主制度体系，修改全国人大组织法和议事规则、选举法、国旗法等。做好民法典的宣传和实施工作。还要根据全面深化改革的需要，做好授权决定和改革决定等相关立法工作，确保党中央确定的重大立法任务、事关经济社会发展全局的立法任务圆满完成。
Second, strengthening legislative work in key areas. Facing extremely onerous tasks on the legislative agenda this year, we must balance quality and efficiency, give better play to the leading role of people’s congresses in legislation, endeavor to make our legislation more thoughtfully designed and precisely targeted, and follow through with every piece of legislation put forward. To 20 promote high-quality development, we will formulate the Yangtze River Conservation Law, the Law on Promoting Rural Vitalization, the Futures Law, and the Hainan Free Trade Port Law, and revise the Patent Law. To improve systems for ensuring people’s wellbeing, we will prioritize legislation on public health. We will revise the Law on Animal Epidemic Prevention, the Wildlife Protection Law, the Law on the Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases, the Frontier Health and Quarantine Law, the Emergency Response Law, and the Vocational Education Law, and formulate the Social Assistance Law the Law on Support for Veterans. In the realms of national security and social governance, we will formulate the Bio-Security Law, the Law on Protection of Personal Information, and the Data Security Law, pass Amendment XI to the Criminal Law, and revise the Administrative Penalty Law, the Law on Administrative Review, the Public Security Management Penalty Law, and the Law on the People’s Armed Police Force. To accelerate the creation of a system of laws for extraterritorial application, we will formulate the Export Control Law and revise the Anti-Money Laundering Law, the Law on the People’s Bank of China, the Law on Commercial Banks, and the Insurance Law. To improve the system of institutions through which the people exercise their role as masters of the country, we will revise the Organic Law of the NPC, the NPC’s procedural rules, the Electoral Law, and the National Flag Law. We will work to effectively publicize and enforce the Civil Code. In response to the need to deepen reforms on all fronts, we will ensure that legislative work relating to decisions regarding authorizations and reforms is well executed. All in all, we will endeavor to accomplish the major legislative tasks set by the CPC Central Committee and those with a bearing on overall economic and social development.
（三）依法做好监督工作。健全监督制度机制，保证党中央决策部署落到实处，保证宪法法律有效实施。聚焦党和国家重大工作部署，预安排了29个监督项目。围绕全面建成小康社会，打好三大攻坚战，做好“六稳”工作，落实“六保”任务，听取审议关于落实创新驱动发展战略等情况的16个工作报告，进一步加强预算决算审查监督和国有资产管理监督。检查常委会有关决定和野生动物保护法、土壤污染防治法、慈善法、反不正当竞争法、公共文化服务保障法、农业机械化促进法等6部法律的实施情况。围绕土壤污染防治、审计查出突出问题整改情况开展专题询问。围绕“十四五”规划纲要编制、民族团结进步创建工作、社会保险制度改革等开展5项专题调研。今年，我国决战决胜脱贫攻坚、全面建成小康社会的伟大事业，必将载入中华民族、人类历史的光辉史册。常委会要紧紧围绕这一重大战略布局开展监督工作，为第一个百年奋斗目标的如期实现作出应有贡献。
Third, exercising oversight in accordance with the law. We will improve oversight systems and mechanisms to ensure full implementation of the CPC Central Committee’s decisions and plans and effective enforcement of the Constitution and the law. We have put 29 oversight tasks on our agenda centered on major Party and state work plans. Focusing on issues including building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, making progress in the three critical battles against poverty, pollution, and potential risk, taking effective steps to stabilize employment, the financial sector, foreign trade, foreign investment, domestic investment, and expectations, and implementing tasks to maintain job security, basic living needs, operations of market entities, food and energy security, stable industrial and supply chains, and the normal functioning of county-level 21 governments, we will hear and deliberate 16 work reports on topics such as implementation of the innovation-driven development strategy, and further intensify the review and oversight of government budgets and final accounts and the oversight over the management of state-owned assets. We will review the decisions made by the Standing Committee and the enforcement of six laws, including the Wildlife Protection Law, the Law on the Prevention and Control of Soil Pollution, the Charity Law, the Anti-Unfair Competition Law, the Law on Guaranteeing Public Cultural Services, and the Law on Promoting Agricultural Mechanization. We will conduct special inquiries on prevention and control of soil pollution and the rectification of prominent problems discovered through audit, and launch five research projects on issues including compilation of the 14th Five-Year Plan, activities to foster ethnic unity and progress, and reform of the social insurance system. Our decisive success this year in winning the fight against poverty and building a moderately prosperous society in all respects will go down in the history of the Chinese nation and the history of all humanity. The Standing Committee must focus its oversight work on these grand strategies, and contribute to completing the first centenary goal on schedule.
（四）支持代表依法履职。健全代表联络机制，落实关于加强和改进全国人大代表工作的具体措施，密切常委会同代表、代表同人民群众的联系。加强代表自身建设，不断提升思想政治水平和履职尽责能力。改进代表议案建议提出、办理、反馈各环节工作，落实代表建议答复承诺解决机制，抓好跟踪督办。扩大并改进代表对常委会、专门委员会、工作委员会工作的参与，认真听取和采纳代表提出的意见建议。统筹做好代表视察、调研等工作，增强代表学习培训的针对性实效性。加快代表履职信息化平台建设。
Fourth, supporting deputies in performing their duties in accordance with the law. We will improve systems for maintaining contact with deputies, implement specific measures for strengthening and improving work related to NPC deputies, and maintain good communication between the Standing Committee and deputies and between deputies and the public. We will help deputies pursue self-improvement, enhance their theoretical competence, and foster political integrity, so that they can better perform their duties. We will do a better job at receiving, handling and giving feedback on proposals and suggestions put forward by deputies, implement mechanisms for responding to and resolving the issues raised in their suggestions, and tighten follow-up oversight. We will expand and improve deputies’ participation in the work of the Standing Committee, special committees, and working bodies of the NPC Standing Committee, earnestly solicit their input, and act on their advice when appropriate. We will coordinate inspection and research activities for deputies, and provide them with more targeted and effective study and training programs. We will also move faster to establish digital platforms for deputies to perform their duties.
（五）积极开展对外工作。充分发挥人大在对外交往方面的独特优势，服务党和国家外交大局。加强高层交往，发挥专门委员会、友好小组、工作机构在对外交往中的作用。稳步推进机制交流，积极参与议会多边合作，加强公共卫生领域立法交流，促进国家关系发展和各领域务实合作。
Fifth, actively carrying out work on international exchanges. We will leverage our unique strengths with regard to foreign exchanges, and serve the overall diplomatic work of the Party and the state. We will enhance high-level 22 exchanges, and let NPC special committees, bilateral friendship groups, and working bodies of the Standing Committee play an active role in international exchanges. We will also steadily advance mechanism-based exchanges, actively participate in multilateral cooperation between parliamentary bodies, and strengthen exchanges on legislation in the public health sector, thereby growing China’s relationships with other countries and boosting pragmatic cooperation across all fields.
（六）加强常委会自身建设。巩固和深化“不忘初心、牢记使命”主题教育成果，深入学习贯彻习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想。认真落实中央八项规定及其实施细则精神，改进工作作风，密切联系群众，深入开展调查研究。完善议事程序和工作机制。加强人民代表大会制度理论研究，改进人大新闻舆论工作。充分发挥专门委员会作用。切实加强全国人大机关建设。围绕贯彻落实党中央大政方针和决策部署，加强与地方人大联系，增强人大工作整体实效。
Sixth, enhancing self-improvement of the Standing Committee. We will consolidate and further the outcomes of the educational campaign on the theme of staying true to the Party’s founding mission, and thoroughly study and implement Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era. We will earnestly execute the CPC Central Committee’s eight-point decision on conduct and the detailed rules for its implementation, improve our conduct in our work, maintain close ties with the people, and carry out in-depth research. We will refine our deliberation procedures and working mechanisms. We will step up theoretical research on the people’s congress system, and perform better on press-related work and public communications. We will give full play to the role of the special committees of the NPC, and take solid steps to develop its administrative bodies. In the interest of implementing the CPC Central Committee’s major policies, decisions, and plans, we will strengthen contact with local people’s congresses and enhance the effectiveness of our work overall.
各位代表！
Fellow Deputies,
全面建成小康社会胜利在即，民族复兴光明前景催人奋进。让我们紧密团结在以习近平同志为核心的党中央周围，勠力同心、锐意进取，只争朝夕、不负重托，为坚持和完善中国特色社会主义制度、推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化，实现“两个一百年”奋斗目标、实现中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦努力奋斗！
We are now at the cusp of achieving the goal of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, with the bright prospect of national rejuvenation spurring us forward. Let us rally closely around the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, unite and forge ahead with great determination, make diligent efforts to live up to the great trust that has been placed in us, and work hard to uphold and improve the system of socialism with Chinese characteristics, modernize China’s governance system and capacity for governance, achieve the two Centenary Goals, and realize the Chinese Dream of national rejuvenation!
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