各位代表！
Esteemed
Deputies,
过去一年取得的成绩，是以习近平同志为核心的党中央正确领导的结果，是全党全军全国各族人民团结奋斗的结果。我代表国务院，向全国各族人民，向各民主党派、各人民团体和各界人士，表示诚挚感谢！向香港特别行政区同胞、澳门特别行政区同胞、台湾同胞和海外侨胞，表示诚挚感谢！向关心和支持中国现代化建设事业的各国政府、国际组织和各国朋友，表示诚挚感谢！
We owe
all the achievements made over the past year to the sound leadership of the
Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core and the concerted
efforts of the Party, the military, and the people of all our nation’ s ethnic
groups. On behalf of the State Council, I wish to express our sincere gratitude
to all our people, including public figures from all sectors of society, and to
other parties and People’ s organizations. I express our sincere appreciation
to our fellow countrymen and women in the Hong Kong and Macao special
administrative regions and in Taiwan, and to Chinese nationals overseas. I also
wish to express our heartfelt thanks to the governments of other countries,
international organizations, and friends from all over the world who have shown
understanding and support for China in its endeavor to modernize.
我们也清醒看到，经济社会发展中还存在不少困难和问题。经济增长内生动力仍需增强，部分行业产能过剩严重，一些企业生产经营困难较多，地区经济走势分化，财政收支矛盾较大，经济金融风险隐患不容忽视。环境污染形势依然严峻，特别是一些地区严重雾霾频发，治理措施需要进一步加强。在住房、教育、医疗、养老、食品药品安全、收入分配等方面，人民群众还有不少不满意的地方。煤矿、建筑、交通等领域发生了一些重大安全事故，令人痛心。政府工作存在不足，有些改革举措和政策落实不到位，涉企收费多、群众办事难等问题仍较突出，行政执法中存在不规范不公正不文明现象，少数干部懒政怠政、推诿扯皮，一些领域腐败问题时有发生。我们一定要直面挑战，敢于担当，全力以赴做好政府工作，不辱历史使命，不负人民重托。
Yet we
must not lose sight of the many problems and challenges China faces in pursuing
economic and social development. The internal forces driving economic growth
need to be strengthened. Overcapacity poses a serious challenge in some
industries. Some enterprises face difficulties in their production and
operations. Economic prospects for different regions are divergent. Fiscal
imbalance is becoming great. And potential economic and financial risks cannot
be overlooked.
Environmental
pollution remains grave, and in particular, some areas are frequently hit by
heavy smog. We need to further strengthen our steps to combat pollution. There
are also many problems causing public concern in housing, education,
healthcare, elderly care, food and drug safety, and income distribution. It is
distressing that there were some major accidents in the coal mining,
construction, and transportation sectors.
There is
still room for improvement in government performance. Some reform policies and
measures have not been fully implemented. Excess fees and charges being levied
on businesses and difficulties facing individuals who want to access government
services remain standout problems. We still see problems of laws and
regulations being enforced in a non-standard, unfair, or uncivil way. A small
number of government employees are lazy and neglectful of their duties or shirk
responsibility. Corruption often occurs in some sectors.
We must
confront these challenges head-on, be ready to bear the weight of
responsibility, and do our all to deliver. We must fulfill our historic mission
and live up to the great trust placed in us by the Chinese people.
三、2017年重点工作任务
I now
wish to discuss our major areas
of work for 2017.
面对今年艰巨繁重的改革发展稳定任务，我们要通观全局、统筹兼顾，突出重点、把握关键，正确处理好各方面关系，着重抓好以下几个方面工作。
Confronted
with the formidable tasks of reform and development and maintaining stability
this year, we must keep in mind the big picture and adopt a holistic approach,
have clear priorities and focus on key tasks, and properly handle interactions
among various sectors. We should give priority to the following areas of work.
（一）用改革的办法深入推进“三去一降一补”。要在巩固成果基础上，针对新情况新问题，完善政策措施，努力取得更大成效。
1. Pushing ahead with the five
priority tasks through reform
We
should, on the basis of consolidating and building on what we have achieved,
improve our policies and measures in light of new developments and new problems
so as to make greater progress.
扎实有效去产能。今年要再压减钢铁产能5000万吨左右，退出煤炭产能1.5亿吨以上。同时，要淘汰、停建、缓建煤电产能5000万千瓦以上，以防范化解煤电产能过剩风险，提高煤电行业效率，优化能源结构，为清洁能源发展腾空间。要严格执行环保、能耗、质量、安全等相关法律法规和标准，更多运用市场化法治化手段，有效处置“僵尸企业”，推动企业兼并重组、破产清算，坚决淘汰不达标的落后产能，严控过剩行业新上产能。去产能必须安置好职工，中央财政专项奖补资金要及时拨付，地方和企业要落实相关资金与措施，确保分流职工就业有出路、生活有保障。
Take solid
and effective steps to cut overcapacity
This
year, we will further reduce steel production capacity by around 50 million
metric tons and shut down at least 150 million metric tons of coal production
facilities. At the same time, we will suspend or postpone construction on or
eliminate no less than 50 million kilowatts of coal-fired power generation
capacity in order to guard against and defuse the risks of overcapacity in
coal-fired power, improve the efficiency of this sector, optimize the energy
mix, and make room for clean energy to develop.
We will
strictly enforce all laws, regulations, and standards on environmental
protection, energy consumption, quality, and safety and make more use of
market- and law-based methods as we work to address the problems of
"zombie enterprises," encourage enterprise mergers, restructuring,
and bankruptcy liquidations, shut down all outdated production facilities that
fail to meet standards, and stringently control the launching of new projects
in industries that are already saddled with overcapacity.
As
overcapacity is cut, we must provide assistance to laid-off workers. Central
government special funds for rewards and subsidies should be promptly allocated
and local governments and enterprises need to put in place related funds and
measures, to ensure that laid-off workers can find new jobs and secure their
livelihoods.
因城施策去库存。目前三四线城市房地产库存仍然较多，要支持居民自住和进城人员购房需求。坚持住房的居住属性，落实地方政府主体责任，加快建立和完善促进房地产市场平稳健康发展的长效机制，健全购租并举的住房制度，以市场为主满足多层次需求，以政府为主提供基本保障。加强房地产市场分类调控，房价上涨压力大的城市要合理增加住宅用地，规范开发、销售、中介等行为，遏制热点城市房价过快上涨。目前城镇还有几千万人居住在条件简陋的棚户区，要持续进行改造。今年再完成棚户区住房改造600万套，继续发展公租房等保障性住房，因地制宜、多种方式提高货币化安置比例，加强配套设施建设和公共服务，让更多住房困难家庭告别棚户区，让广大人民群众在住有所居中创造新生活。
Take
targeted policies to cut excess urban real estate inventory
At
present, there is still excess supply in the real estate markets of third- and
fourth-tier cities. We will support both local and new residents in buying
homes for personal use.
We need
to be clear that housing is for people to live in, and local governments should
take primary responsibility in this respect. We should move faster to establish
robust long-term mechanisms for promoting the steady and sound development of
the real estate sector and build a better housing system that gives equal
weight to buying and renting, with multiple levels of demand being met
primarily by the market, and basic housing support provided by the government.
We will take more category-based and targeted steps to regulate the real estate
market. Cities that are under big pressure from rising housing prices need to
increase as appropriate the supply of land for residential use. We should
better regulate housing development, marketing, and intermediary services, and
keep home prices from rising too quickly in popular cities.
Today,
several dozen million people still live in rundown areas in cities and towns.
We must continue housing renovations in these areas. This year, we will
renovate another 6 million housing units in these areas, continue to develop
public rental housing and other forms of government-subsidized housing, base
measures on local circumstances and use multiple means to increase the use of
monetary compensation for those affected by such rebuilding, and improve local
infrastructure and public services. With these efforts, we will help more
families struggling with housing to bid farewell to rundown areas, and see that
with good roofs over their heads our people move on to better lives.
积极稳妥去杠杆。我国非金融企业杠杆率较高，这与储蓄率高、以信贷为主的融资结构有关。要在控制总杠杆率的前提下，把降低企业杠杆率作为重中之重。促进企业盘活存量资产，推进资产证券化，支持市场化法治化债转股，发展多层次资本市场，加大股权融资力度，强化企业特别是国有企业财务杠杆约束，逐步将企业负债降到合理水平。
Carry out
deleveraging in an active and prudent way
There is
high leverage in nonfinancial Chinese firms. This is caused by high savings
rates and the composition of financing which is primarily based on credit.
While working to control overall leverage, we should focus on bringing down the
leverage of enterprises. We need to see that the idle assets of enterprises are
put to use, push ahead with securitization of corporate assets, support market-
and law-based debt-to-equity swaps, develop the multilevel capital market,
expand equity financing, and place tighter constraints on enterprises,
especially SOEs, in leveraging, so as to gradually reduce enterprise debt to an
acceptable level.
多措并举降成本。扩大小微企业享受减半征收所得税优惠的范围，年应纳税所得额上限由30万元提高到50万元；科技型中小企业研发费用加计扣除比例由50%提高到75%，千方百计使结构性减税力度和效应进一步显现。名目繁多的收费使许多企业不堪重负，要大幅降低非税负担。一是全面清理规范政府性基金，取消城市公用事业附加等基金，授权地方政府自主减免部分基金。二是取消或停征中央涉企行政事业性收费35项，收费项目再减少一半以上，保留的项目要尽可能降低收费标准。各地也要削减涉企行政事业性收费。三是减少政府定价的涉企经营性收费，清理取消行政审批中介服务违规收费，推动降低金融、铁路货运等领域涉企经营性收费，加强对市场调节类经营服务性收费的监管。四是继续适当降低“五险一金”有关缴费比例。五是通过深化改革、完善政策，降低企业制度性交易成本，降低用能、物流等成本。各有关部门和单位都要舍小利顾大义，使企业轻装上阵，创造条件形成我国竞争新优势。
Take
multiple measures to cut costs
More
small businesses with low profits will enjoy halved corporate income tax, with
the upper limit of taxable annual income raised from 300,000 to 500,000 yuan.
For small and medium high-tech enterprises, the proportion of R&D expenses
covered by the additional tax reduction policy is to be raised from 50 to 75
percent. We will do all we can to see the intensity and impact of structural
tax cuts deliver further results. The great number of charges have placed an
unbearable burden on many businesses; we are going to slash non-tax burdens.
First, we
will completely overhaul government-managed funds, abolish municipal public
utility surcharges, and authorize local governments to reduce and cancel some
funds.
Second,
we will abolish or suspend 35 administrative charges paid by enterprises to the
central government, again cutting the number of charges by more than half; and
then reduce as far as possible those that still apply. Local governments also
need to make significant cuts to government administrative fees.
Third, we
will reduce government-set operating fees for businesses. Unauthorized fees
charged by intermediaries for government review and approval will be overhauled
or abolished. We will work toward lower operating fees levied on businesses in
the finance and railway freight sectors. We will strengthen oversight over the
collection of market-set service fees.
Fourth,
we will continue to lower as appropriate the share paid by enterprises for
contributions to social security.
Fifth, we
will deepen reforms and improve policies to reduce government imposed
transaction costs for businesses and lower their energy and logistics costs.
All
government departments and agencies concerned should have in mind the overall
interests of the country instead of their narrow departmental interests, reduce
the financial burden on enterprises, and help them develop new advantages over
international competition.
精准加力补短板。要针对严重制约经济社会发展和民生改善的突出问题，结合实施“十三五”规划确定的重大项目，加大补短板力度，加快提升公共服务、基础设施、创新发展、资源环境等支撑能力。
Take
targeted and powerful measures to strengthen areas of weakness
We need
to focus on salient problems that are holding back economic and social
development and making it difficult to improve People’ s standards of living,
and we should integrate efforts to undertake major projects set out in the 13th
Five-Year Plan with efforts to strengthen areas of weakness. We should act
faster to raise the capacity of public services, infrastructure,
innovation-driven development, and resources and the environment to sustain development.
贫困地区和贫困人口是全面建成小康社会最大的短板。要深入实施精准扶贫精准脱贫，今年再减少农村贫困人口1000万以上，完成易地扶贫搬迁340万人。中央财政专项扶贫资金增长30%以上。加强集中连片特困地区、革命老区、边疆和民族地区开发，改善基础设施和公共服务，推动特色产业发展、劳务输出、教育和健康扶贫，做好因病等致贫返贫群众帮扶，实施贫困村整体提升工程，增强贫困地区和贫困群众自我发展能力。推进贫困县涉农资金整合，强化资金和项目监管。创新扶贫协作机制，支持和引导社会力量参与扶贫。切实落实脱贫攻坚责任制，实施最严格的评估考核，严肃查处假脱贫、“被脱贫”、数字脱贫，确保脱贫得到群众认可、经得起历史检验。
Poor
areas and people living in poverty represent the area of greatest weakness we
must face as we work to finish building a moderately prosperous society in all
respects. We need to do more in implementing targeted poverty reduction and
elimination measures. This year we will further reduce the number of rural
residents living in poverty by over 10 million, including 3.4 million to be
relocated from inhospitable areas. Central government funding for poverty alleviation
will be increased by over 30 percent.
We need
to step up development in contiguous areas of extreme poverty, old
revolutionary bases, border areas, and areas with concentrations of ethnic
minorities. For this we should focus on the following work: improving
infrastructure and public services; fostering poverty alleviation through
distinctive local businesses, the domestic and overseas export of labor, and
improving education and health care; providing assistance to people who become
poor or sink back into poverty due to illness; implementing the program for
improving life in poor villages; and building the self-development capacity of
poor areas and people.
In poor
counties, different rural development funds will be merged, and oversight over
funds and projects will be strengthened. We will develop new mechanisms for
coordinating poverty reduction efforts. We will support and guide
non-governmental participation in combating poverty. The system for ensuring
responsibility is taken for poverty elimination will be effectively enforced,
the strictest possible evaluations and assessments of poverty alleviation will
be carried out, and stern measures will be taken to address deception,
falsification, and the manipulation of numbers in poverty elimination work. We
must see that the results of our poverty elimination earn the approval of our
people and stand the test of time.
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